Whereas P131L and W149X did not seem to affect CRC risk, C148R did show, for the first time in CRC, statistically significant differences between cases and controls [odds ratio (OR) = 1.45, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 1.13-1.86, P = 0.003], sporadic cases and controls (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.13-2.23, P = 0.007) and familial cases and controls (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.10-2.19, P = 0.01) in agreement with a hypothetical moderate increase of the cancer risk linked to the C148R ARLTS1 variant, both in sporadic and familial CRC cases.