Pathogenic substitutions in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 protein (Lrrk2), R1441G and G2019S, are a prevalent cause of autosomal dominant and sporadic Parkinson's disease in the Northern Spanish population.
Notably, one single mutation in this gene (R1441G) not only appeared in familial, but also in apparently sporadic Parkinson disease (PD) patients of Basque descent.