|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Current Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved modalities to inhibit PCSK9 are in the form of monoclonal antibodies which display an unparalleled degree of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering and expand upon the notion that lower LDL-C is better for ASCVD risk reduction.
|
31151804 |
2020 |
|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Finally, the concept of a threshold LDL-C for initiating a non-statin therapy (after considering highest tolerated statin dosage) is provided, with ezetimibe recommended as the key non-statin to be added if the LDL-C still remains ≥ 70 mg/dL for all ASCVD patients, and in those who are at "very high risk", further consideration for using a proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor.
|
31286451 |
2020 |
|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Similarly, currently available proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 inhibitors-alirocumab and evolocumab-both reduce ASCVD risk in statin-treated patients with diabetes.
|
31521544 |
2020 |
|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Patients with ASCVD receiving any pharmacologic lipid-lowering therapy were eligible for enrollment in one of three cohorts: 1) currently receiving a proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor (PCSK9i), or not receiving PCSK9i with 2) LDL-C 70-99 mg/dL, or 3) LDL-C ≥100 mg/dL.
|
31726422 |
2020 |
|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
In addition, novel drugs, including PCSK9 inhibitors, as well as antisense oligonucleotide for apo(a), have exhibited efficacy in decreasing Lp(a) substantially, invigorating a discussion whether Lp(a) could be a novel therapeutic target for further ASCVD risk reduction.
|
31061262 |
2019 |
|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
We evaluated the efficacy and safety of the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor, alirocumab, among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), high LDL-C or non-HDL-C, and established ASCVD receiving maximally tolerated statin in ODYSSEY DM-DYSLIPIDEMIA (NCT02642159) and DM-INSULIN (NCT02585778).
|
31706300 |
2019 |
|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
On the other hand, hs-CRP levels identify groups of patients with a high risk of CV disease achieving better ASCVD prevention in response to PCSK9 inhibition.
|
31404822 |
2019 |
|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Although PCSK9 inhibitors provide substantial reductions in LDL-C levels and reduce ASCVD events in secondary prevention populations, the cost-effectiveness of alirocumab and evolocumab limit widespread use.
|
30877491 |
2019 |
|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Reduced ASCVD mortality rate was reported for 1 PCSK9 inhibitor.
|
30586775 |
2019 |
|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has been found to play a major role in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) by promoting hyperlipidemia.
|
30668438 |
2019 |
|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Conclusive evidence is still lacking as to whether the treatment with PCSK9 inhibitors against background statin therapy actually additionally reduces ASCVD risk due to the lowering of Lp(a) or simply due to lowering LDL-C to levels much lower than high-intensity statin treatment as monotherapy.
|
30847681 |
2019 |
|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
While high-intensity statins remain the first-line treatment to prevent recurrent ASCVD events in secondary prevention patients, ezetimibe and PCSK9 inhibitors are evidence-based non-statin agents that can be used when residual on top of maximally tolerated statin therapy in patients deemed to be at very-high risk of recurrent ASCVD events.
|
30941517 |
2019 |
|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Inhibition of PCSK9 has proven to be successful in decreasing LDL levels and risk of the development of hypercholesterolemia with its associated higher risk for ASCVD.
|
30953636 |
2019 |
|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
In terms of the management of dyslipidemias, PCSK9 inhibitors lower LDL-C by 50-70% and provide an additional 15% reduction in key cardiovascular events in high-risk patients with known ASCVD, as demonstrated in the ODYSSEY and FOURIER trials.
|
31378838 |
2019 |
|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Combination therapies with statin and other lipid-lowering drugs, including ezetimibe and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, have unlocked additive benefits for treatment of ASCVD, but morbidity and mortality due to ASCVD remain high.
|
30725249 |
2019 |
|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Reduced ASCVD mortality rate was reported for 1 PCSK9 inhibitor.
|
30423394 |
2019 |
|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
It also updated prior recommendations to incorporate newer data demonstrating ASCVD risk reduction with ezetimibe and proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 inhibitors as adjuncts to statin therapy for patients at high and very-high ASCVD risk.
|
31787586 |
2019 |
|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
This post-hoc analysis evaluated efficacy and safety of the PCSK9 inhibitor alirocumab among 984 individuals with DM and ASCVD pooled from 9 ODYSSEY Phase 3 trials.
|
29802688 |
2018 |
|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Recent data have suggested an important role of lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] and proprotein convertase substilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) in the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in both general population and family hypercholesterolemia (FH), while the relation of Lp(a) to PCSK9 has not been examined.
|
29129821 |
2018 |
|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
In 2016, the National Lipid Association conducted an online survey on PCSK9 inhibitor use and barriers to prescription among experienced healthcare workers who provide care to high-risk patients with ASCVD or familial hypercholesterolemia (FH).
|
28550993 |
2018 |
|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Background The FOURIER (Further Cardiovascular Outcomes Research With PCSK9i [Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin-Kexin Type 9 Inhibitors] in Subjects With Elevated Risk) trial found a reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease ( ASCVD ).
|
30571382 |
2018 |
|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Statins and PCSK9 inhibitors reduce LDL-C remarkably to low levels but do not eliminate residual cardiovascular risk as a result of other atherogenic lipoproteins or pathways for ASCVD, including inflammation, that are independent of LDL-C. Statins and PCSK9 inhibitors have complex mechanisms of action which appear to be additive and hence beneficial.
|
30117592 |
2018 |
|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
We assessed the efficacy and safety of alirocumab, a proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor, in patients with ASCVD, with or without prior coronary revascularization (percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI] or coronary artery bypass graft [CABG]).
|
30025648 |
2018 |
|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
The current update provides the Expert Panel's evidence-based recommendations on the clinical utility of PCSK9 inhibitors in patients with stable ASCVD, progressive ASCVD, LDL-C ≥ 190 mg/dL (including polygenic hypercholesterolemia, heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and the homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia phenotype) and very-high-risk patients with statin intolerance.
|
28532784 |
2018 |
|
Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
The role of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors is unclear, but initial studies suggest a decrease in the rate of acute ASCVD events in patients with hypercholesterolemia.
|
28084704 |
2017 |