Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Tissue sections from 10 pairs of subjects with schizophrenia and control subjects and 4 pairs of haloperidol-treated and control monkeys were processed for in situ hybridization histochemical analysis with sulfur-35-labeled oligonucleotide probes for GAD67 mRNA and exposed to nuclear emulsion.
|
10711910 |
2000 |
Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
We argue that a downregulation of reelin expression occurring in prefrontal cortex and in every brain structure of schizophrenia patients so far studied may be associated with a decrease in dendritic spine expression that in turn may provide an important reduction of cortical function as documented by the downregulation of glutamic acid decarboxylase67 (GAD67) expression, which might be secondary to a reduction of GABAergic axon terminals.
|
11592844 |
2001 |
Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Furthermore, simultaneous detection of PV and GAD67 mRNAs revealed that in subjects with schizophrenia only 55% of PV mRNA-positive neurons had detectable levels of GAD67 mRNA.
|
12867516 |
2003 |
Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
LHGDN |
Although the levels of GAD65 and GAD67 messages were increased in schizophrenia subjects, the proportion of the two GAD isoforms remained constant in controls and schizophrenics.
|
15114630 |
2004 |
Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Although the levels of GAD65 and GAD67 messages were increased in schizophrenia subjects, the proportion of the two GAD isoforms remained constant in controls and schizophrenics.
|
15114630 |
2004 |
Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
For GAD(67) mRNA-containing neurons that co-expressed NR(2A)mRNA, their numerical density was decreased by 73% and 52%, in layers 2 and 5, respectively, in subjects with schizophrenia and by 60% in layer 2 in those with bipolar disorder.
|
15237077 |
2004 |
Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Although our results are negative, this was the first study to investigate GAD genes in schizophrenia, and further studies of these genes, particularly with schizophrenia subtypes, may prove valuable.
|
15091314 |
2004 |
Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
These data support the hypothesis that the reduced amounts of reelin and GAD67 mRNAs documented in postmortem schizophrenia brain may be the consequence of a Dnmt1-mediated hypermethylation of the corresponding promoters.
|
15671176 |
2005 |
Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
The DNMT1 increase and the GAD67 decrease in BA9 interneurons are significant features of SZ and bipolar disorder with psychosis.
|
15684088 |
2005 |
Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Thus the results obtained from the Scottish sample suggest that the GAD1 gene variants do not play a major role in the predisposition to schizophrenia.
|
15806582 |
2005 |
Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
These observations, when taken together with the positive results reported recently in two independent adult-onset schizophrenia pedigree samples, suggest that the gene encoding GAD67 may be a common risk factor for schizophrenia.
|
15505639 |
2005 |
Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
In schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar (BP) postmortem brains, the downregulation of mRNAs encoding glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD(67)) and reelin decreases the cognate proteins coexpressed in prefrontal cortex (PFC) GABAergic neurons.
|
15864560 |
2005 |
Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
LHGDN |
These observations, when taken together with the positive results reported recently in two independent adult-onset schizophrenia pedigree samples, suggest that the gene encoding GAD67 may be a common risk factor for schizophrenia.
|
15505639 |
2005 |
Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Moreover, schizophrenia susceptibility genes and chromosomal abnormalities, particularly as examined for early onset populations (ie GAD1, 22q11DS), are associated with premorbid neurodevelopmental abnormalities.
|
15700048 |
2005 |
Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
CTD_human |
GABAergic dysfunction in schizophrenia and mood disorders as reflected by decreased levels of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 and 67 kDa and Reelin proteins in cerebellum.
|
15560956 |
2005 |
Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Genetically introduced decreases in TrkB expression, but not in BDNF expression, also resulted in decreased GAD67 and PV mRNA levels in the PFC of adult mice; in addition, the cellular pattern of altered GAD67 mRNA expression paralleled that present in schizophrenia.
|
15647480 |
2005 |
Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
A recent report suggests that the down-regulation of reelin and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD(67)) mRNAs represents 2 of the more consistent findings thus far described in post-mortem material from schizophrenia (SZ) patients [reviewed in.
|
16574235 |
2006 |
Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and GAD67 mRNA expression in the prefrontal cortex of subjects with schizophrenia.
|
16513879 |
2006 |
Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
These coincident results implicate GAD1 in the etiology of schizophrenia and suggest that the mechanism involves altered cortical GABA inhibitory activity, perhaps modulated by dopaminergic function.
|
17767149 |
2007 |
Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Considering size of our sample and strategy that corresponds well with the approaches used in gene-based association analysis, our conclusion is that GAD1 does not play a major role in schizophrenia in Japanese population.
|
17303389 |
2007 |
Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
LHGDN |
These coincident results implicate GAD1 in the etiology of schizophrenia and suggest that the mechanism involves altered cortical GABA inhibitory activity, perhaps modulated by dopaminergic function.
|
17767149 |
2007 |
Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
PosttranslationalModification
|
disease |
BEFREE |
GAD1 mRNA expression and DNA methylation in prefrontal cortex of subjects with schizophrenia.
|
17726539 |
2007 |
Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
In the same samples, the GABAergic neuron-specific glutamic acid-decarboxylase(67) (GAD(67)) and reelin mRNAs were underexpressed twofold in GABAergic interneurons isolated from layer I of SZP relative to GABAergic interneurons microdissected from layer I of NPS, and unaltered in GABAergic interneurons of layer V. These findings implicate an epigenetically mediated layer I GABAergic dysfunction in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, and suggest novel strategies for treatment of the disease.
|
17264840 |
2007 |
Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
The data demonstrate that in GABAergic medium spiny neurons of CN and PT, unlike in GABAergic neurons of layer I and II PFC, the increased expression of DNMT1 and the decrease of reelin and GAD67 occur in SZ but not in BDP.
|
17270400 |
2007 |
Schizophrenia
|
0.400 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Therefore, these results suggest that the reelin and GAD67 promoters are subject to continuous repression by DNA methyltransferase and that inhibitors of DNA methyltransferase represent a potential treatment for Schizophrenia.
|
17179443 |
2007 |