Finally, deletion of Jagged1 or Notch3 in Kras<sup>LSL-G12D/+</sup>;Pdx1-cre mice promoted development of squamous cell carcinoma in the forestomach, albeit short of invasive adenocarcinoma in the glandular stomach.
TFF1 expression was also observed in PanIN lesions of Pdx-1 Cre; LSL-KRASG12D (KC) mice, a model of pancreatic cancer, and loss of TFF1 in these mice resulted in the expansion of PanIN lesions, an EMT phenotype in PanIN cells, and an accumulation of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), eventually resulting in the development of invasive adenocarcinoma.
Loss of the gene that encodes p16 (Cdkn2a) was required for progression of IPMNs to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas in Acvr1b(flox/flox);LSL-Kras(G12D);Pdx1-Cre mice.