|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Increased RAS-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling due to PTPN11 and KRAS mutations causes 50% of cases of Noonan syndrome.
|
17143282 |
2007 |
|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
A lethal course of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in Noonan syndrome due to a novel germline mutation in the KRAS gene: case study.
|
24382853 |
2013 |
|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
The inclusion of craniosynostosis as a possible phenotype in KRAS-associated Noonan Syndrome has implications in the differential diagnosis and surgical management of individuals with craniosynostosis.
|
26249544 |
2015 |
|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Metopic suture involvement has not been described before, expanding the main different cranial sutures which can be affected in NS and KRAS gene mutations.
|
22488932 |
2012 |
|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
To date, mutations in PTPN11, SOS1, KRAS, RAF1 and SHOC2 are known to cause NS and a small group of patients harbour mutations in BRAF, MEK1 or NRAS.
|
20302979 |
2010 |
|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Recently, mutations in the KRAS gene have been identified in a small proportion of patients with NS.
|
17222357 |
2007 |
|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Germline KRAS mutations were shown recently to be associated with developmental disorders, including Noonan syndrome (NS), cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome (CFCS), and Costello syndrome (CS).
|
20949621 |
2011 |
|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Noonan syndrome-associated mutations V14I and T58I K-Ras activate Ras but have milder biochemical effects than somatic mutations encountered in cancers, offering an explanation why these K-Ras lesions are tolerated during embryonic development.
|
17211612 |
2007 |
|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
On the basis of the clinical suspicion of NS, mutation analysis revealed a KRAS mutation, which is known to be common to both NS and JMML.
|
22510777 |
2012 |
|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
We further defined the phenotypic spectrum associated with KRAS missense mutations and provided the first evidence of clinical differences in patients with KRAS mutations compared with Noonan syndrome affected individuals with heterozygous PTPN11 mutations and CFC patients carrying a BRAF, MEK1 or MEK1 alteration, respectively.
|
17056636 |
2007 |
|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Somatic KRAS mutations are often detected in patients with solid and non-solid tumors, whereas germline KRAS mutations are implicated in patients with the Noonan syndrome, cardio-facio-cutaneous (CFC) syndrome and Costello syndrome.
|
30012129 |
2018 |
|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
The etiology of Noonan syndrome (NS) has been greatly elucidated with the discovery of the disease causative genes PTPN11, KRAS, SOS1, and RAF1, all involved in the RAS/MAPK-signaling cascade.
|
19938085 |
2009 |
|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Changes in other genes encoding mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway proteins are responsible for Noonan syndrome and the KRAS mutation phenotype.
|
18025929 |
2007 |
|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Anthropometric measurements (mean of 4.3 measurements per patient) were obtained in a mixed cross-sectional and longitudinal mode from 127 NS and 10 NLS patients with mutations identified in PTPN11 (n = 90), SOS1 (n = 14), RAF1 (n = 10), KRAS (n = 8), BRAF (n = 11), and SHOC2 (n = 4) genes.
|
22887833 |
2012 |
|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
We report on a novel KRAS gene mutation in a patient presenting the clinical features typical of Costello syndrome and the additional findings seen in Noonan syndrome.
|
17468812 |
2007 |
|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Recently, six patients with craniosynostosis and Noonan syndrome involving KRAS mutations were described in a review, and a patient with craniosynostosis and Noonan syndrome involving a SHOC2 mutation has also been reported.
|
28650561 |
2017 |
|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Genetic analysis revealed individual heterozygous mutations in the KRAS (phenotype of CFC/Noonan syndrome) and BRAF genes (phenotype of CFC syndrome).
|
21871821 |
2012 |
|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Germline mutations in genes encoding small GTPases of the RAS family (KRAS and NRAS), modulators of RAS function (PTPN11, SOS1 and SHOC2) or downstream signal transducers (RAF1) are causative for NS.
|
20673819 |
2011 |
|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Germline missense mutations affecting KRAS Isoform B are associated with a severe Noonan syndrome phenotype.
|
16773572 |
2006 |
|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
We have observed unusual transverse distal phalangeal creases in two patients, one with Costello syndrome (G12S mutation in the HRAS gene) and one with cardio-facio-cutaneous (CFC) syndrome or possibly Noonan syndrome (Q22E mutation in the KRAS gene).
|
17324647 |
2007 |
|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
PTPN11 (39.0%), SOS1 (20.3%), RAF1 (6.8%), KRAS (5.1%), and BRAF (1.7%) mutations were identified in NS; BRAF (41.2%), SHOC2 (23.5%), and MEK1 (5.9%) mutations in cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome; and HRAS and PTPN11 mutations in Costello syndrome and LEOPARD syndrome, respectively.
|
21784453 |
2011 |
|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
In conclusion, this investigation demonstrates that KRAS mutations are the cause in a minority of cases of Chinese patients with Noonan syndrome in Taiwan.
|
18958496 |
2009 |
|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Here, we report a crystal structure of GDP-bound KRAS<sup>V14I</sup>, a mutated KRAS variant associated with the developmental RASopathy disorder Noonan syndrome (NS), at 1.5-1.6 Å resolution.
|
31341022 |
2019 |
|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Gene-related Chinese NS facial features were described using artificial intelligence (AI).NGS identified pathogenic variants in 103 Chinese patients in eight NS-related genes: PTPN11 (48.5%), SOS1 (12.6%), SHOC2 (11.7%), KRAS (9.71%), RAF1 (7.77%), RIT1 (6.8%), CBL (0.97%), NRAS (0.97%), and LZTR1 (0.97%).
|
31219622 |
2019 |
|
Noonan Syndrome
|
1.000 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Recently, KRAS and SOS1 were identified as causative genes for NS.
|
17661820 |
2007 |