Contrary to our expectations, even before leptin substitution, 1 patient with biallelic leptin receptor gene variants and 4 patients with leptin deficiency had been suffering from hypertension.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of APLNR genes (rs11544374 and rs948847), LEPR (rs1137101) and leptin (rs7799039) gene in patients with CAD and hypertension.
In this meta-analysis, we summarized the association of the II/I polymorphism in leptin gene and Gln223Arg polymorphism in LEPR gene with hypertension and circulating leptin.
Another intron SNP (rs12037879) in LEPR and a promoter region SNP (rs266729) in ADIPOQ were significantly associated with hypertension (P = 0.041 and 0.042, respectively).
Our results suggest that the Gln223Arg polymorphism of the leptin receptor is significantly associated with plasma leptin levels and left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertension.
LEPR polymorphisms may be a marker for susceptibility to essential hypertension in Chinese subjects, and be involved in the development of several features including dyslipidemia and impaired glucose regulation in hypertension subjects.
Among the polymorphisms genotyped, we identified eight genes (CNTNAP2, LEPR, CRHR1, NTAN1, SLC12A3, ALPL, BGLAP, and APOB) containing variants that were associated with hypertension (chi2 P values 0.002-0.048), several of which interact with the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis.