The underlying molecular defects that lead to a deficiency of lipoprotein lipase in two patients from different kindreds presenting with the familial hyperchylomicronemia syndrome have been identified.
We identified two novel mutations in the LPL gene causing type 1 hyperlipoproteinemia: a two base pair deletion (c.765_766delAG) resulting in a frameshift at position 256 of the protein (p.G256TfsX26) and a nucleotide substitution (c.1211 T > G) resulting in a methionine to arginine substitution (p.M404 R).
Mutations in the genes encoding lipoprotein lipase (LPL), apolipoprotein CII (APOC2), apolipoprotein AV (APOA5), lipase maturing factor 1 (LMF1) or glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high density lipoprotein-binding protein 1 (GPIHBP1) have been found to cause Type 1 hyperlipoproteinemia.