Also, cell polarity-related genes PARD3, PRKCI and DLGAP3, and autophagy-related genes ULK1 and ULK2 genes are considered to play crucial roles in tumorigenesis.
Over expression of Stathmin1 (STMN1), activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) and protein kinase C iota (PKCi) proteins participate in the regulation of carcinogenesis.
Protein kinase C iota (PKCι) has been shown to have an important role in tumorigenesis of many cancers, but little is known about its role in rhabdomyosarcoma.
Similarly, poor outcomes have recently been observed in cancer patients with overexpression of protein kinase C iota (PKCiota), an atypical protein kinase C that is activated by oncogenic Ras protein and is required for K-Ras-induced transformation and colonic carcinogenesis in vivo.
Our data demonstrate that PKCiota is required for oncogenic Ras- and carcinogen-mediated colon carcinogenesis in vivo and define a procarcinogenic signaling axis consisting of Ras, PKCiota, and Rac1.