The present data showed that serum β2M level was increased in patients with hypertension and further increased in patients with chronic heart failure (HF) as compared with control group, and the high level of serum β2M level correlated to cardiac dysfunction in these patients.
Elevated 20-HETE levels were associated with a 90% increase in prevalence odds of hypertension (P = 0.029), four times greater odds of having higher urinary Cd levels (P = 0.030) and a 53% increase in odds of having higher levels of tubular dysfunction (P = 0.049), evident from an increase in urinary excretion of β2-microglobulin.