By using immunohistochemistry, transglutaminase-2 protein was detected in 48 of 57 breast tumors (84%), with epithelial expression in 26 of 41 (63%) ductal invasive carcinomas and in all 6 (100%) lobular invasive carcinomas.
Analysis of DNA harvested from cultured lines and primary breast tumor samples indicated that TGM2 often displays aberrant hypermethylation and that there is a statistically significant correlation between gene methylation and reduced expression.
Our data show that TGase 2 expression is inversely correlated with the level of I-kappaBa in breast tumors, implying that the enzyme is responsible for the constitutive activation of NF-kappaB in breast tumors.
Analysis of DNA harvested from cultured lines and primary breast tumor samples indicated that TGM2 often displays aberrant hypermethylation and that there is a statistically significant correlation between gene methylation and reduced expression.
Augmentation of tissue transglutaminase expression and activation by epidermal growth factor inhibit doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in human breast cancer cells.