We found that lowering OPG expression did not alter sensitivity to TRAIL-induced apoptosis; however, the OPG knockdown cells had a reduced level of invasion.
Furthermore, SC-delivered immunoconjugates of ENb and TRAIL target a wide spectrum of GBM cell types with varying degrees of TRAIL resistance and significantly reduce GBM growth and invasion in both established and primary invasive GBM in mice.
However, a number of studies have demonstrated that different cancer cells resist TRAIL treatment and, moreover, TRAIL can promote invasion and metastasis in resistant cells.
These data demonstrate that c-FLIP(L) exhibits multiple functions in OC cells: first by concomitantly evading the natural immunity mediated by TRAIL-induced cell death, and second by augmenting cell motility and invasion in vivo.