Using the SKBR3 breast cancer and p53-null H1299 lung cancer cells stably expressing the R175H p53 mutant protein, we demonstrated that GON triggers the appearance of a wild-type-like p53 protein by using conformation-specific antibodies, immunoprecipitation, DNA-binding assays and target gene expression. p53 restoration was associated with a G2/M arrest, senescence, reduced cell migration, invasion and increased cell death.
Using the MMTV-ERBB2;mutant p53 (R175H) in vivo mouse model of ERBB2-positive breast cancer, together with mouse and human cell lines, we compared lapatinib-resistant vs. lapatinib-sensitive tumor cells biochemically and by kinome arrays and evaluated their viability in response to a variety of compounds affecting heat shock response.
None of the intronic mutations has shown significant association with the breast cancer, two exonic mutations G13203A (rs28934578) and A14572G are significantly (P = 0.04, P = 0.007) associated with breast cancer.
We found that zinc re-established chemosensitivity in breast cancer SKBR3 (expressing R175H mutation) and glioblastoma U373MG (expressing R273H mutation) cell lines.
Since the p53 tumor suppressor pathway is inactivated in most human cancers due to gene mutations or defective wt p53 signaling, we now investigated in human wt p53 breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells, whether single treatment with the p53 transactivation pharmacological inhibitor pifithrin-alpha, transient p53 siRNA interference or stable insertion of a dominant-negative (DN) R175H p53 mutant increase: (i) EGFR/erbB1 activation, (ii) MMP-9 expression and (iii) loss of surface E-cadherin.