Then, 25 studies including 51,390 cases and 93,867 controls were included, and there was significant association between HOXB13 p.Gly84Glu mutation and overall cancer risk (OR = 2.872, 95% CI = 2.121-3.888, P < 0.001), particularly in prostate cancer (OR = 3.248, 95% CI = 2.313-4.560, P < 0.001), while no association was found in breast (OR = 1.424, 95% CI = 0.776-2.613, P = 0.253) and colorectal cancers (OR = 2.070, 95% CI = 0.485-8.841, P = 0.326).
These findings confirm an increased cancer risk associated with the G84E mutation in the Finnish population, particularly for early-onset prostate cancer and cases with substantially elevated PSA.