We report neuronal colocalization of estrogen receptor and Bcl-xL immunoreactivities that is most prominent in hippocampal subfield CA3, a region that shows relatively little immunoreactivity to paired helical filament-1, a marker of Alzheimer's disease neurodegeneration.
In logistic regression analysis, a significantly increased risk of familial AD due to interaction between the ESR1 xx genotype and the apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele was observed in women in a Swedish clinic-based sample, taking subjects who had neither the xx genotype nor epsilon4 as reference (OR 11.3, 95% CI 2.9-43.8).
Recent studies have determined that estrogen receptor alpha subtype (ER alpha) genetic polymorphisms may affect the expression of ER alpha, and are associated with Alzheimer's disease.
We investigated the association between well-recognized, and potentially functional, polymorphisms in the estrogen receptor (ER) alpha gene and the risk of AD in a prospective study of 6056 Caucasian older men and women aged 55 years and over.
Changes in estrogen receptor-alpha and -beta in the infundibular nucleus of the human hypothalamus are related to the occurrence of Alzheimer's disease neuropathology.
In previous studies we have shown in Alzheimer's disease (AD) an enhanced nuclear estrogen receptor (ER) alpha expression in the cholinergic basal forebrain nuclei, i.e. the vertical limb of the diagonal band of Broca (VDB) and the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM), and in a number of hypothalamic nuclei, i.e. the supraoptic nucleus (SON), the infundibular nucleus (INF), the medial mamillary nucleus (MMN).
The data suggest that the p and x alleles of polymorphic ER-alpha gene interact synergistically with the APOE epsilon4 allele to increase the risk of AD in women but not in men in this Italian cohort.
The results suggest that there is no significant difference in the genotypic frequencies and allelic frequencies of the MPO -463 polymorphism and the estrogen receptor-alpha polymorphisms between the Japanese sporadic AD group and the control group.
In the present review we discuss recent findings showing that, in addition to the canonical estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha), the level of various ERalpha splice variants is changed in the human brain in aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD) at both the mRNA and protein level and that they should be considered for the understanding of estrogen effects on the brain and estrogen therapy pitfalls.
In the present review we discuss recent findings showing that, in addition to the canonical estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha), the level of various ERalpha splice variants is changed in the human brain in aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD) at both the mRNA and protein level and that they should be considered for the understanding of estrogen effects on the brain and estrogen therapy pitfalls.