Oligopeptidases, especially Ndel1, which has been strongly correlated with neurodevelopment and brain formation, are potentially a good new target in the study of the neurobiology of BD.
When the median value of the control group (109.8 pg/ml) was set as a cut-off value, subjects whose orexin-A levels were below the cut-off were more common in all psychiatric groups (schizophrenia: 73.8%, <i>x<sup>2</sup></i> =9.56, df=1, <i>p</i>=0.003, OR=2.81, 95% CI: 1.45 to 5.45, <i>d</i>=0.57; MDD: 78.5%, <i>x<sup>2</sup></i> =14.02, df=1, <i>p</i><0.001, OR=3.65, 95% CI: 1.82 to 7.29, <i>d</i>=0.72; BD: 87.5%, <i>x<sup>2</sup></i> =16.0, df=1, <i>p</i><0.001, OR=7.00, 95% CI: 2.49 to 19.70, <i>d</i>=1.07).
Two of these showed differential expression in the CC of BD cases: RPS23 was significantly down-regulated (p = 0.0036, fc = 0.80), while GRIN2A showed suggestive evidence of down-regulation in BD (p = 0.056, fc = 0.65).
This study investigated changes in urotensin-II (U-II) and endocan levels which can be used as an early biological marker of endothelial injury in the episode and remission phases of bipolar affective disorder (BAD).
Expression levels of 19 candidate genes in peripheral blood, plasma levels of BDNF, NT-3, IL-6 and IL-18, leukocyte counts, and urinary markers of oxidative damage to DNA and RNA were measured in 37 adult rapid-cycling patients with BD in different affective states during a 6- to 12-month period and in 40 age- and gender-matched healthy individuals in a longitudinal, repeated measures design comprising a total of 211 samples.
While the majority of these were located in intergenic regions or in a locus on chromosome 16 near and in the NPIPL1 and SH2B1 genes (best SNP: rs4788101, p = 2.1E-24), five were located in the ETV5 gene (best SNP: rs1516725, p = 1E-24), which was previously associated with both BD and obesity, and one in the RPGRIP1L gene (rs1477199, p = 5.7E-09), which was also included in the Signaling by Hedgehog pathway.
In this study, <sup>1</sup>H-NMR data treated by chemometrics, principal component analysis (PCA) and supervised partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), provided the identification of metabolites present only in BD (as for instance the 2,3-diphospho-D-glyceric acid, N-acetyl aspartyl-glutamic acid, monoethyl malonate) or only in SCZ (as isovaleryl carnitine, pantothenate, mannitol, glycine, GABA).
There are few studies that explore simultaneously the relationship of neuroendocrine hormones of the HPA, HPT and HPG axes with major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD).
<b>Results:</b> Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum lithium concentrations were positively correlated with creatinine concentrations (r=0.147, <i>P</i>=0.046), Mg<sup>2+</sup> concentrations (r=0.151, <i>P</i>=0.04), and the percentage of neutrophils (r=0.178, <i>P</i>=0.015) and negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentrations (r=-0.142, <i>P</i>=0.05), apolipoprotein A1 concentrations (r=-0.169, <i>P</i>=0.02), and Na<sup>+</sup> concentrations (r=-0.148, <i>P</i>=0.046) in 186 patients with BD.
In the current study, we evaluated expression levels of six apoptosis-related lncRNAs (CCAT2, TUG1, PANDA, NEAT1, FAS-AS1 and OIP5-AS1) in the peripheral blood of bipolar disorder (BD) patients and healthy subjects to assess their contribution in the pathogenesis of BD.
In this case study, we examined the impact of a computerized version of MeST (c-MeST) on improving AMS and related symptoms and processes in participant with rapid cycling type I BD.
Targeted and untargeted lipidomic analyses were performed according to GLP guidelines in 67 patients with unipolar or bipolar disorders (20-67 years, 36 male, 31 female) and 405 healthy controls (18-79 years, 142 m, 263 f), who were matched according to gender, age and body mass index.
Offspring (ages 8-17) of parents with BD (OBP, n = 32), offspring of comparison parents with non-BD psychopathology (OCP, n = 30), and offspring of healthy parents (OHP, n = 24) underwent diffusion tensor and functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing an emotional face processing task.
Significant difference between three groups was revealed in ANKRD12 concentration (p = 0.02), with maximum elevation of ANKRD12 concentration (median level) in schizophrenia followed by BD.
Our findings suggest that higher PBMC SCN11A expression levels may be associated with certain behavioral BD sub-phenotypes, including lack of alcohol dependence and psychosis, among BD patients.