This analysis demonstrates the high performance of the LST genomic signature for HRD detection in breast cancers, which suggests its potential as a biomarker for genetic testing and patient stratification for clinical trials evaluating platinum salts and PARP inhibitors.
Inhibition of PARP-1 exerts "synthetic lethality" effect towards the tumors with defects in DNA repair by homologous recombination, specifically the tumors with mutations in the breast cancer associated BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes.
<i>BRCA2</i> reversion mutations were detected in cfDNA prior to PARP inhibitor treatment in a patient with breast cancer who did not respond to treatment and were enriched in plasma samples after PARP inhibitor therapy.
Inhibition of the DNA repair protein PARP1 has had little efficacy as a single agent in breast cancer outside of studies restricted to patients with BRCA mutations; however, PARP1 inhibition (PARPi) may lead to the radiosensitization of aggressive tumor types.
We report here that the combination of a PI3K inhibitor with a PARP inhibitor provides in vivo synergy for treatment of an endogenous mouse model for BRCA1-related breast cancers, making this a candidate combination to be tested in human clinical trials.
<b>Purpose:</b> To explore whether a cross-talk exists between PARP inhibition and PD-L1/PD-1 immune checkpoint axis, and determine whether blockade of PD-L1/PD-1 potentiates PARP inhibitor (PARPi) in tumor suppression.<b>Experimental Design:</b> Breast cancer cell lines, xenograft tumors, and syngeneic tumors treated with PARPi were assessed for PD-L1 expression by immunoblotting, IHC, and FACS analyses.
Interestingly, CDK12 protein absence was associated with reduced expression of a number of DDR proteins including ATR, Ku70/Ku80, PARP1, DNA-PK, and γH2AX, suggesting a novel mechanism of CDK12-associated DDR dysregulation in breast cancer.
To test this hypothesis, we investigated 1406 ER(+) early-stage breast cancers with 20 years' long-term clinical follow-up data for DNA polymerase β (pol β), flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1), AP endonuclease 1 (APE1), X-ray cross-complementation group 1 protein (XRCC1), single-strand monofunctional uracil glycosylase-1 (SMUG1), poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3 related (ATR), ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), Chk1, Chk2, p53, breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1), and topoisomerase 2 (TOPO2) expression.
To explore the effect of CtIP on PARP inhibitor therapy for breast cancer, CtIP-depleted MCF7 cells were treated with PARP inhibitor olaparib (AZD2281) or veliparib (ABT-888).
In conclusion, a promising defective DNA repair gene expression signature appears to differentiate TN breast cancers that are sensitive to anthracyclines and resistant to taxane-based chemotherapy, and should be tested in clinical trials with other DNA-damaging agents and PARP-1 inhibitors.
In conclusion, this SSO provides a new potential therapeutic strategy for targeting BRCA1-functional breast cancer by enhancing the effect of PARP inhibitors.
T1 caused cell cycle arrests of both estrogen-dependent and estrogen-independent cell lines associated with alterations of cyclinD, CDK4 and cyclinB, and induced breast cancer cell apoptosis associated with upregulation of c-PARP and downregulation of survivin and Aurora A.
In conclusion, our data provide the first evidence of PARP inhibitor AZD2281 autophagy and mitophagy in breast cancer cell lines with BRCA mutations or BRCA-allelic loss.
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is overexpressed in a variety of cancers, especially in breast and ovarian cancers; tumor cells that are deficient in breast cancer gene 1/2 (BRCA1/2) are highly sensitive to PARP1 inhibition.
The use of PARP inhibitors in other cancers with homologous recombination repair deficiencies, such as breast cancer and prostate cancer, is gradually evolving as well, including their use in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings.
The exposure of breast cancer cells to the lactone was associated with a depolarization in mitochondrial membrane potential, and cleavage of caspase and PARP.