Our results revealed that the allele frequencies of HLA-B46, -B56, and -DRB1*1001 were statistically different between non-cerebral severe malaria and cerebral malaria (P = 0.005), between mild malaria and cerebral malaria (P = 0.032), and between mild malaria and non-cerebral malaria (P = 0.007).
TNFP-D showed no significant linkage disequilibrium with any alleles of HLA-B or HLA-DRB1, suggesting that TNFP-D was primarily associated with cerebral malaria in Myanmar.