Together, our data showed that elevated CTSD in EOC can potentiate the metastasis of EOC cells, suggesting that targeting CTSD might be used as a novel therapeutic target for EOC.
These data suggest that EOC cancer secreted CathD acts as an extracellular ligand and may play an important pro-angiogenic, and thus pro-metastatic, role by activating the omental microvasculature during EOC metastasis to the omentum.
We also explored common targets of OS/OB and metastasis groups, including amidophosphoribosyltransferase (PPAT), l-lactate dehydrogenase B chain (LDHB), and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) as well as the common target of all categories, cathepsin D (CTSD).
In conclusion, BP1 and NP may accelerate growth of MCF-7 breast cancer cells by regulating cell cycle-related genes and promote cancer metastasis through amplification of cathepsin D.
Next, siRNA was used to inhibit the expression of cathepsin D in highly metastatic NPC cell line 5-8F to examine whether it associates with NPC metastasis.
In search of a better understanding of the Cath-D substrates possibly involved in cancer invasiveness and metastasis, we investigated the potential interactions between this protease and chemokines.
These studies demonstrate that cathepsin-D enhances anchorage-independent cell proliferation and subsequently facilitates tumorigenesis and metastasis of breast cancer cells.
These studies demonstrate that cathepsin-D enhances anchorage-independent cell proliferation and subsequently facilitates tumorigenesis and metastasis of breast cancer cells.
To further characterize these systems, immunocytochemical analysis was performed for differentiation antigens (PEM 200 kDa, CEA, NCA 90 kDa), blood-group related antigens (Le(x), sTn), oncogenes and tumor suppressor gene products (Her-2/neu protein, p53), metastasis-related cathepsin D and CD63/5.01 Ag, and the chemokine monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1).
Cathepsin D, a lysosomal proteinase, is induced by estrogens in mammary cancer cells where its concentration is correlated with a higher risk of metastasis.