The relationships between NANOG and OCT4 expression with tumor recurrence, tumor count, histology stage, lymph node metastasis (LNM) and microvascular invasion (MVI) were explored through the χ<sup>2</sup> test and Cox regression analysis.
The high expression of cancer stem cell transcription factors (Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog) is a valuable prognostic factor, suggesting a higher risk of tumor recurrence and metastasis.
We identified a positive correlation of Oct4 expression with tumor recurrence in 122 clinical specimens of superficial high-grade (stages T1-2) bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCC).
The concurrent expression of OCT4/NANOG/IGFIR was mostly confined to hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC (HBV-HCC) and was significantly correlated with early tumor recurrence.