Obese rats' platelets were characterized by a drastic (2-3.5-fold) activation of cathepsin C, and phospholipase A1 activity rose by 55% at all the stages of the ontogenesis.
BD-1 gene expressions in the kidneys of diabetic rodent models, cholecystokinin-insensitive Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty rats, leptin-insensitive obese (fa/fa) Wistar rats, and db/db mice, were significantly lower than those of their lean littermates.
AdipoR2 expression was slightly decreased in adipose tissue, whereas the expression of both AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 was increased (P < .05) in the liver of obese Zucker rats.
PRKCB2 mRNA and protein expression were significantly higher in the obese subjects and were related significantly to pro-inflammatory mediators but not to p-INSR-beta.
RANTES and MCP-1 serum levels were increased in obese vs lean Zucker rats and significantly reduced by long-term treatment with rimonabant, which slowed weight gain in rats with the metabolic syndrome.
AdipoR2 expression was slightly decreased in adipose tissue, whereas the expression of both AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 was increased (P < .05) in the liver of obese Zucker rats.
After 1 month of the high-fat diet, however, the obesity-resistant rats showed significantly more NMU-induced physical activity compared to the obese DIO rats.
Akin to the uterus, nuclear factor-κB-regulated proinflammatory genes (CCL4 and CCL5) increased and expression of antioxidant (GPx3) and mitochondrial (TFAM and NRF1) genes decreased in the obese embryos.
Although DR AAV CD36 shRNA-injected rats became as obese as DIO AAV controls, only DIO control and CD36 depleted rats became insulin-resistant on a 45% fat diet.
Arginase and ornithine transcarbamylase levels were analysed only in male rats and were found to be elevated in obese rats as compared to lean littermates.
Besides serum chemerin, the levels of chemerin/CMKLR1 in the metabolic organs of obesity and diabetes rats were alleviated by exercise, which were likely to be associated with the improvement of glycolipid metabolism.
By contrast, although there was the expected increase in both NPY and AGRP expression in obese 14-week-old ZF rats, the expression of NPY and AGRP was decreased in 6-week-old obese ZDF rats with hyperinsulinaemia and in 14-week-old rats with the additional hyperglycaemia.
Cannabis treatment in the obese group resulted in up-regulation of CB1, GLUT2, UCP2 and PKB, relative to the obese control group, while c-MYC levels were down-regulated, relative to the lean control group.
Central Sirt1 regulates body weight and energy expenditure along with the POMC-derived peptide α-MSH and the processing enzyme CPE production in diet-induced obese male rats.
Central overexpression of leptin antagonist reduces wheel running and underscores importance of endogenous leptin receptor activity in energy homeostasis.