Our findings suggest that the -238G>A and -308G>A polymorphisms of TNF-alpha alter circulating free fatty acids and insulin resistance in obese subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Serum levels of glycated albumin, hsCRP, TNF-alpha and blood glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were measured in 317 consecutive patients with T2DM and 309 normal controls.
To study whether the TNF alpha gene could be such a modifying gene, we studied TNF alpha promoter polymorphisms (G-->A substitution at positions -308 and -238) in relation to HLA-DQB1 genotypes in type 2 patients from mixed type 1/2 families or common type 2 diabetes families as well as in patients with adult-onset type 1 diabetes and control subjects.
Relationship of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha -308 A/G promoter polymorphism with insulin sensitivity and abdominal fat distribution in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.