We present the autopsy findings from a Noonan syndrome patient who died as a result of an unusual form of right ventricular obstruction associated with a rare PTPN11 variant previously reported without details of the cardiac findings.
PTPN11 mutation with additional alterations showed significantly the poorest outcome in comparison with those with only one non-PTPN11 mutation, only one PTPN11 mutation, and combined mutations without PTPN11, respectively (P < 0.0001).Conclusion: Both PTPN11 mutation and the number of somatic alterations detected at diagnosis are likely to be the major determinant of outcome in JMML.
The cutaneous phenotype of NS with a PTPN11 mutation is generally mild and nonspecific, whereas the absence of a PTPN11 mutation is associated with a high frequency of keratinization disorders and hair abnormalities.
Here, imaging and cognitive data were collected from 12 children with PTPN11-related NS, ages 4.0-11.0 years (8.98 ± 2.33) and 12 age- and sex-matched typically developing controls (8.79 ± 2.17).
Gene-related Chinese NS facial features were described using artificial intelligence (AI).NGS identified pathogenic variants in 103 Chinese patients in eight NS-related genes: PTPN11 (48.5%), SOS1 (12.6%), SHOC2 (11.7%), KRAS (9.71%), RAF1 (7.77%), RIT1 (6.8%), CBL (0.97%), NRAS (0.97%), and LZTR1 (0.97%).
Germline mutations in <i>PTPN11</i> gene responsible for catalytic gain- or loss- of function of SHP2 cause two disorders with multiple organ defects, respectively Noonan syndrome (NS) and NS with Multiple Lentigines (NSML).
Different mechanisms of disease have been demonstrated to be associated with the two classes of PTPN11 mutations underlying Noonan syndrome and Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines (also known as LEOPARD syndrome).
Here, we found that expressing the NS-associated mutant SHP2<sup>D61G</sup> in excitatory, but not inhibitory, hippocampal neurons increased ERK signaling and impaired both long-term potentiation (LTP) and spatial memory in mice, although endogenous SHP2 was expressed in both neuronal types.
One of the most common protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (SHP2) mutations in Noonan syndrome is the N308D mutation, and it increases the activity of the protein.
A total of 48 clinically diagnosed NS were included, and responsible mutations were identified in 39 patients (81.3%) with PTPN11 mutations being the most prevalent followed by SOS1 mutations.
Mutations in the PTPN11 gene, which encodes the protein tyrosine phosphatase Shp2, cause Noonan syndrome and LEOPARD syndrome, inherited multifaceted diseases including cardiac and vascular defects.
A human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line was generated using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from a patient with NSML that carries a gene mutation of p.Q510P on the PTPN11 gene using non-integrating Sendai virus technique.
Different mechanisms of disease have been demonstrated to be associated with the two classes of PTPN11 mutations underlying Noonan syndrome and Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines (also known as LEOPARD syndrome).
Transduction of the PTPN11 mutation into JMML iPSCs with the wild-type of both genes increased CD34<sup>+</sup> cell production to a level comparable to that obtained with JMML iPSC colonies harbouring the two genetic mutations.
We used patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to characterize the signaling profiles and potential therapeutic vulnerabilities of PTPN11-mutant and CBL-mutant JMML.