Experimental studies have suggested that herbal compounds regulate the expression of many lncRNAs involved in cancer, such as HOTAIR (HOX transcript antisense RNA), H19, MALAT1 (metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1), PCGEM1 (Prostate cancer gene expression marker 1), PVT1, etc.
We focus on the compilation of early advances in the field of pediatric tumors which often lags behind clinical improvements in adult tumors, and provide a rationale to continue studying PVT1 as a possible functional contributor to pediatric malignancies and as a potential prognostic marker or therapeutic target.
The long noncoding RNA (IncRNA) PVT1 plays oncogenic roles in human cancers; however, its regulation and function in hepatoblastoma remain poorly understood.
In this review, we summarize the coamplification of PVT1 and MYC in cancer, the positive feedback mechanism, and the latest promoter competition mechanism of PVT1 and MYC, as well as how PVT1 participates in the downstream signaling pathway of c-Myc by regulating key molecules.
PVT1 expression of both colon cancer cell tissue and 60 paired cancer and peri-tumoral tissue samples was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).
In extracellular fluid, PVT1 mainly promotes cancer initiation, and it normally enhances cellular cancer characteristics in the cytoplasm and cell nucleus.
Notably, implantation into mice of a non-tumorigenic prostate epithelial cell line stably overexpressing PVT1 exon 9 resulted in the formation of malignant tumors.
When applied to 'omics datasets that we collected from lymphoma patients, or to publicly available cancer (TCGA) or ENCODE datasets, PLAIDOH identified and prioritized well-known lncRNA-target gene regulatory pairs (e.g., HOTAIR and HOX genes, PVT1 and MYC), validated hits in multiple lncRNA-targeted CRISPR screens, and lncRNA-protein binding partners (e.g., NEAT1 and NONO).
The pooled effect of PVT1 on TNM (pooled-OR=1.46, 95% CI: 1.29-1.65) and OS (pooled HR=1.32, 95% CI: 1.22-1.43), calculated from 37 and 48 cohorts, identified that high PVT1 expression promoted the metastasis and poor prognosis of cancer.
Next, PVT1 expression from The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets was validated, and it was also revealed that the high expression of PVT1 was associated with advanced disease stage and a poor prognosis.
The role of the noncoding genome in cancer biology is continually expanding.Cho et al. reveal a new and unexpected mechanism for the regulation of MYC expression mediated by the promoter sequence of its neighbor gene PVT1.
we conducted a comprehensive inquiry to verify the implication of PVT1 expression in cancer patients by conducting a meta-analysis of 19 selected studies and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to examine the relationship between PVT1 expression and both the prognosis and clinicopathological features of cancer patients using STATA 12.0.