GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) are two classes of antidiabetic agents used in the management of diabetes based on incretin hormones.
GLP-1 therapy is effective concerning weight loss in overweight patients and is more often used in females and patients with shorter diabetes duration.
These studies highlight the clear, and persistent, metabolic advantages of sustained activation of GLP-1 receptors, alongside concurrent activation of related GIP and xenin cell signalling pathways, in diabetes.
Modulation of platelet function by diabetes agents in addition to their hypoglycemic effects would contribute to cardiovascular protection Newly introduced antidiabetic drugs of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors may have anti-platelet effects, and in the case of SGLT2i and GLP-1RA may contribute to their proven cardiovascular benefit that has been shown clinically.
Also, attention was diverted away from GIP by the successful development of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, and a therapeutic strategy for GIP became uncertain when evidence emerged that both inhibition and enhancement of GIP action could prevent or reverse obese non-insulin dependent forms of diabetes in rodents.
The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist - liraglutide (LIR) - is an insulin secretagogue for the treatment of diabetes and has been proven to have therapeutic potential in the treatment of COPD.
The effect of the treatment with glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 receptor agonists on gastric emptying in patients with diabetes with and without gastroparesis is analysed.
Data on weight, insulin, GLP-1 RA and SGLT-2i use were collected retrospectively (12 years) and prospectively (8 years) from patients included in the DIAbetes and LifEstyle Cohort Twente-1 (DIALECT-1, n = 450, age 63 ± 9 years, 58% men, diabetes duration [7-18] years).
Compounds 1 and 2 displayed high affinities to target proteins GLP-1R (diabetes) and eEF2K (cancer) with K<sub>d</sub> values of 0.0285 μM, 0.0162 μM for GLP-1R and 0.118 μM, 0.0746 μM for eEF2K, respectively.
Whether dual GLP-1R/GCR agonism represents a treatment method that is superior to pure GLP-1R agonists for obesity and diabetes treatment remains to be confirmed.
Due to uncomfortable injection regimens of peptidic agonists of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R), orally available nonpeptide positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of GLP-1Rs are foreseen as the possible future mainstream therapy for type 2 diabetes.
GLP-1, a peptide hormone secreted from the gut stimulating insulin and suppressing glucagon secretion was identified as a parent compound for novel treatments of diabetes, but was degraded (dipeptidyl peptidase-4) eliminated (mainly kidneys) too fast (half-life 1-2 min) to be useful as a therapeutic agent.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 is a peptide of incretin family which is used in the management of diabetes as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA).
The Glp-1 analog, liraglutide (Lir), has been shown to reduce infarct size and improve cardiac function after myocardial ischemia in rodents with or without diabetes.
The glucagon-like-peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists, including liraglutide, can ameliorate neurodegenerative features in models of Alzheimer's disease and diabetes by decreasing tau hyperphosphorylation in the brain.
Fasting GLP-1 was measured on hospital day 2-4 in patients without previously known diabetes (n = 59) that received recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) for ischemic stroke.
Being a relatively newer class of drug with numerous benefits, several national and international guidelines are working towards addressing clinical questions pertaining to the optimal use of GLP-1 RAs for the management of diabetes.
Gastrin secretion in normal subjects and diabetes patients is inhibited by glucagon-like peptide 1: a role in the gastric side effects of GLP-1-derived drugs?