In the development of tumor therapy, the role of long non-coding RNA actin filagenin 1 antisense RNA 1 (1ncRNA AFAP1-AS1) is quite significant, but the actual role of AFAP1-AS1 in the treatment of prostate cancer has not been determined.
Their gene ontology classification evidenced the involvement of the adherence system, intermediate filaments, and actin cytoskeleton in tumor pathogenesis and of elements part of the Wnt, FGF, and EGFR signaling pathways.
For all tumour subsets, α-SMA and osteonectin scored significantly higher in the stroma > parenchyma whilst α-SMA was overexpressed along the tumour invasive front > centre (p<0.05).
Furthermore, there was a trend for worse progression-free survival in the group of node-negative tumors with strong smooth-muscle actin stromal expression (Log rank = 0.075).
In our immunohistochemical investigation of ESCC tissues, we observed that the intensity of expression of two CAF markers-alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-in the tumor stroma was significantly correlated with the depth of tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, advanced pathological stage, and poor prognosis.
Expression of α-SMA protein in CAFs of the tumor microenvironment of the 44 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from the primary tumor of OPSCC evaluated by immunohistochemistry between HPV-positive and HPV-negative tumors separated by nested polymerase chain reaction.
The immunohistiochemical analysis shown that the tumor cells were positive to vimentin and smooth muscle actin while negative to the S100 protein and desmin.
Mechanistically, GPR4 was activated by extracellular protons in the tumour microenvironment and enhanced RhoA activation and F-actin rearrangement, leading to LATS activity inhibition, YAP1 nuclear translocation and oncogene transcription.
'Pathways in cancer', 'focal adhesion' and 'regulation of actin cytoskeleton' were the most enriched KEGG pathways of differentially methylated genes between tumor and controls.
The <i>NF2</i> gene product, merlin, is a tumor suppressor that is thought to link the actin cytoskeleton with plasma membrane proteins and mediate contact-dependent inhibition of proliferation.
Recombinant TGF-β1 or tumour cell conditioned medium (TCM) elevated α-SMA, calponin 1 and collagen 1 A1 (COL1A1) amount on mRNA and protein level in MSC.
We find that low-dose combination treatment of doxorubicin with the actin polymerizer chondramide B (ChB) synergistically inhibits tumor growth in vivo.
ABI1, a member of WAVE complex and actin cytoskeleton regulator and adaptor protein, acts as tumor suppressor in prostate cancer but the role of ABI1 in EMT is not clear.
We recently established that the oncogenic activity of mutant p53 (mtp53) is driven by the actin cytoskeleton-associated protein WIP (WASP-interacting protein), correlated with tumour growth, and more importantly that both proteins are responsible for the tumour-initiating cell phenotype.
We also evaluated biopsies of murine and pancreatic cancer patients to investigate HA and collagen content, important contributors to drug resistance.<b>Results:</b> In immunodeficient and immunocompetent mice, increasing tumor HA content is accompanied by increasing collagen content, vascular collapse, hypoxia, and increased metastatic potential, as reflected by increased α-SMA.
We identify a novel function of the Trp73 tumor suppressor gene, the TAp73 isoform in particular, as an essential regulator of PCP through the modulation of actin and microtubule cytoskeleton dynamics, demonstrating that Trp73 is a key player in the organization of ependymal ciliated epithelia.
Mechanically, our data suggested WDR1 regulated tumor cells proliferation and migration might through actin cytoskeleton-mediated regulation of YAP, and we demonstrated that WDR1 contributes to NSCLC progression through ADF/cofilin-mediated actin disassembly.
β-Cytoplasmic actin acts as a tumor suppressor, affecting epithelial differentiation, cell growth, cell invasion and tumor growth of colon and lung carcinoma cells.
Finally, LX2 and HepG2 cells were co-injected into nude mice as subcutaneous xenografts, and the tumor growth and α-smooth muscle actin expression levels were observed.
Collectively, our results identified Hippo-Yap as the tumor promoter in hepatocellular carcinoma that mediated via activation of cofilin/F-actin/lamellipodium axis by limiting JNK-Bnip3-SERCA-CaMKII pathways, with potential application to HCC therapy involving cancer metastasis.
Fibrosis was accompanied by an increase in collagen deposition, α-smooth muscle actin and CD31 expression in the tumor stroma as well as an increase in PD-L1-positive tumor cells, and infiltration by regulatory T cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells and tumor-associated macrophages.