Finally, we showed that the serum levels of IL-1α, IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-23, and IP-10 were significantly reduced in <i>M. tuberculosis</i>/HIV-coinfected individuals with PTB compared to those in HIV-negative individuals with PTB (<i>P < </i>0.05), suggesting that HIV infection significantly suppresses <i>M. tuberculosis</i>-induced systemic proinflammatory cytokine responses.
In this study we aimed to examine the possible association between the variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) of the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) gene and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in a sample of Iranian population.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 42 healthy controls (HCs) and 42 pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients were cultured with culture filtrate antigen (CFA) of Mtb with and without 1,25(OH)2D3 at 10(-7)M concentration for 72 h. The levels of IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α, TNF-β, IL-17 and IL-23 were estimated in the culture supernatants by ELISA.