The relationship between PON1 activity and vascular disease may be influenced by the relationship of PON1 activity or PON1 SNP genotype to lipid and apolipoprotein (Apo) levels.
In addition to protecting against exposure to some organophosphorus (OP) pesticides by hydrolyzing their toxic oxon metabolites, PON1 is important in protecting against vascular disease by metabolizing oxidized lipids.
The association of PON1 polymorphisms, lower PON1 activity and poorer diabetes control found in patients with macroangiopathy further support the idea of genetic factors contributing to the development of vascular disorders in diabetes.
In recent years, importance of enzyme activity measurements, in addition to genotyping, in epidemiological studies relating paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and vascular disease was emphasized.
Decreased paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and increased total serum lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) (Lp-PLA(2)) activities are suggested to be risk factors for vascular disease.
We investigated the relationship of PON1 activity and genotype to lipid-related traits in 91 Caucasian men with severe carotid artery disease and 184 without vascular disease who were not on lipid-lowering medications.
Because PON1 activity is a better predictor of vascular disease than is the currently described genetic variation in PON1, further studies of the environmental influences on PON1 activity and additional PON1 genetic variants are warranted.
Decreased serum activity of paraoxonase-1 in animal models is associated with an increased risk of vascular disease and has been linked to the anti-oxidant capacity of the enzyme.
Plasma PON1 activity phenotypes vary markedly within genotypes and were, therefore, expected to add to the informativeness of genotype for predicting vascular disease.
We determined both PON genotypes in 535 male individuals who were free ofvascular disease and in 2249 male subjects who underwent coronary angiography, and analysed the relation of both gene variations to CAD and MI.