The levels of cytokines IL-12, IL-4 and IFN-γ after treating with combined E7-DNA -non-replicating NDV (NDV-DNA Vaccine) were significantly higher than those of control groups.
In the model of viral infection, production of IL-12 and interferon-gamma inducible protein (IP)-10 was reduced in both DC subsets, and IL-8 was reduced in BDCA3<sup>+</sup> DC following PC exposure.
The goal of this review is to highlight the direct antiviral mechanisms of IFNG, thereby clarifying its antiviral function in the effective control of viral infections.
Urine interferon gamma inducible protein 10 (IP-10) is a potential biomarker of treatment response in chronic hepatitis C virus infection and lung diseases, including tuberculosis.
It is interesting that Candida alone induced a significant polarization of Th1 response an production of IFN-γ, which indicated Candida alone may be used as a potential immunotherapeutic reagent not only for HPV-associated lesions but also for other viral infection or even cancers.
In addition, the results of this study raise the possibility that interferon (IFN)-β and IFN-γ induced by the treatments may exert anti-viral responses against MDV replication in the bursa of Fabricius at early stage of MDV infection in chickens.
Increased levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) are routinely observed in the respiratory tract following influenza virus infection, yet its potential role remains unclear.
Additionally, we investigated the effects of perforin and interferon-gamma (IFNγ) on the virus infection and found important roles for both mechanisms.
Based on the well established role of Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and Interleukin-21 (IL-21) in viral infections, this study aimed to determine expression level of these cytokines in clinically infected adults and calves; and the results were compared with those in the subclinically infected animals up to 120 days post outbreak (DPO) in a vaccinated cattle herd.
The populations of KUL1<sup>+</sup>, CD3<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD3<sup>+</sup>CD8<sup>+</sup> cells were significantly increased in both types of chickens at 3 dpi, and there was significant early depletion of IgM<sup>+</sup> B cells at 1 dpi in the red jungle fowl. vvIBDV infection also induced differential expression of genes that are involved in Th1 and pro-inflammatory responses, with groups receiving the higher dose (10<sup>6.8</sup> EID<sub>50</sub>) showing earlier expression of IFNG, IL12B, IL15, IL6, CXCLi2, IL28B, and TLR3 at 1 dpi.
The absolute need for local IFNγ to enable cytotoxic CD8 T-cell function is of significance for immunotherapy for chronic viral infection and for cancer.
A novel assay that integrates measurements of blood-borne host-proteins (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, interferon γ-induced protein-10, and C-reactive protein [CRP]) was developed to assist in differentiation between bacterial and viral disease.
Lung CD11c+ cells of BMT mice secrete more transforming growth factor beta-β1, and pro-TH17 mRNAs for IL-23 and IL-6, and less TH1-promoting cytokine mRNA for IFN-γ but slightly more IL-12 mRNA in response to viral infection.
Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) each play an important role in carcinogenesis associated with viral infection.
Polymorphisms in the TGF-β, IL-10, IL-6, and IFN-γ genes, human leukocyte antigens (HLA), and human platelet alloantigens (HPA) genes were investigated in 122 patients with Araraquara virus infection from Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
In the patients' cells, the allele is dominant-negative for γ-activated factor-mediated responses to interferon-γ, but not for interferon-stimulated gene factor-3-mediated responses to interferon-α/β, accounting for the clinical phenotype of Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases without severe viral diseases.
Patients with IFN-γR deficiencies and other immune deficits predisposing to mycobacterial disease seem to have an increased risk of malignancies, especially those related to viral infections.
We then examined cells with single or multiple virus infections for the expression of 10 cytokine genes and demonstrated elevated expressions for 7 (IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-17) in dual rotavirus and enterovirus or triple rotavirus, enterovirus and astrovirus-infected cells but only 3 (IFN-β, TNF-α, and IL-8) in dual rotavirus and astrovirus-infected cells.
Such IFN-γ-mediated repression of major hepatic drug transporters may contribute to impaired liver clearance of drugs administrated to patients suffering from inflammation or viral infections associated with increased secretion of IFN-γ.