A Multicenter Prospective Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Combined Immunosuppressive Therapy with High-Dose Glucocorticoid, Tacrolimus, and Cyclophosphamide in Interstitial Lung Diseases Accompanied by Anti-Melanoma Differentiation-Associated Gene 5-Positive Dermatomyositis.
High serum neopterin levels were associated with anti-MDA5 antibody, rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD), and characteristic DM cutaneous involvement.
Moreover, anti-MDA-5 is associated with amyopathic myositis and interstitial lung disease and anti-TIF-1γ and anti-NXP-2 with juvenile DM as well as malignancy in patients >40 years.
However, also dyserythropoiesis has been described, carrying relevant issues on patients' management and follow-up, as for example, lymphopenia has been associated with an increased risk of rapid progressive interstitial lung disease in anti-MDA5 positive dermatomyositis.
Aberrant activation of the type I interferon system may contribute to the pathogenesis of anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5dermatomyositis.
Anti-MDA5 antibody titer was measured in sera from 70 patients with dermatomyositis using an in-house ELISA and the MESACUP<sup>TM</sup> anti-MDA5 test side-by-side.
The presence of anti-aminoacyl tRNA synthetase (ARS) or anti-melanoma differential-associated gene 5 (MDA5) is strongly related to interstitial lung disease (ILD) in patients with dermatomyositis (DM).
Clinical features and poor prognostic factors of anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis with rapid progressive interstitial lung disease.
The associations between autoantibodies (against transcription intermediary factor 1γ [TIF-1γ], nucleosome-remodeling deacetylase complex [Mi-2], nuclear matrix protein [NXP-2], small ubiquitinlike modifier 1 activating enzyme [SAE-1/2], melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 [MDA-5], histidyl-transfer RNA synthetase [Jo-1], Ku, and signal recognition particles) and cutaneous adverse reactions to hydroxychloroquine in patients with dermatomyositis.
In a patient receiving TPE to manage anti-MDA5 antibody ILD associated with dermatomyositis and a prior seizure, TPE significantly altered enoxaparin antifactor Xa activity as evidenced by the undetectable antifactor Xa activity level drawn after TPE.
Myositis-specific autoantibody expression, specifically anti-TIF1γ positivity and/or anti-MDA5 negativity, was associated with cancer in patients with DM.
Despite its rarity, anti-MDA5 antibody-associated ILD should be suspected in cases of RP-ILD even without other signs of DM or CADM as prompt and aggressive treatment could improve prognosis.
Herein, we report such a case with unusual histologic features of vascular damage and deep dermal necrosis in a seronegative patient who presented with clinical features of anti-MDA5 variant of dermatomyositis.
Moreover, palmar violaceous macules/papules around the interphalangeal joints, which was observed in all three cases in the incipient stage, might be a useful sign in suggesting a diagnosis of anti-MDA5 antibody-associated DM.