The cotransduction of TTF-1 and Pax-8 gene, with resulting NIS-mediated radioiodine accumulation and TPO and Tg-mediated radioiodine organification and intracellular retention, may lead to effective radioiodine therapy of thyroid carcinoma.
These results indicate that Pax-8 can promote iodide uptake, and specifically prolong the retention time of iodide in thyroid cancer in vitro and in vivo by promoting the expression of TPO and Tg proteins.
The occurrence of thyroid carcinoma in patients with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) caused by dyshormonogenesis is very rare, and has only been reported in one patient harboring mutations in the thyroid peroxidase (TPO) gene.
BRAF(V600E) mutation, in both primary and metastatic thyroid cancers, is associated with a marked drop in thyroperoxidase (29-fold) and pendrin (20-fold) expression and a considerable increase (five-fold) in GLUT-1 expression.
These results confirmed the decrease of TPO expression in 97% of thyroid carcinomas regardless of histological type and the overexpression of shorter splice variants in follicular tumors.
As individuals with goitrous hypothyroidism caused by TPO gene mutation develop thyroid cancer, regular and careful follow-up for such patients must be done.
Qualitative analysis of baseline and stimulated TG, NIS and PDS mRNA showed high sensitivity but low specificity in the prediction of thyroid cancer recurrence or metastases (accuracy under THST = 51%, 43% and 54%, respectively), whereas TPO and TSHR mRNA assays had higher specificity but low sensitivity, with accuracy under THST of 67% and 61%, respectively, that improved when these tests were combined.
TPO transcripts were detected in 7/10 (70%) patients with known metastases of thyroid cancer and in 39 of 110 (36%) patients without metastases (P<0.05), in 15/44 (34%) patients with goitre, in 17/41 (41%) cases with GD and in 4/54 (7.4%) subjects in the control group (P<0.05, controls vs all patients with thyroid disease).
TPO expression was decreased in thyroid carcinomas, but was normal in cold adenomas; it was increased in toxic adenomas and Graves' thyroid tissues Tg expression was decreased in thyroid carcinomas, but was normal in the other tissues.
TG and TPO were identified in 13 patients (54.2%) with thyroid carcinoma, which includes five of eight patients with no clinical evidence of disease at the time of blood collection.
TPO mRNA expression in differentiated thyroid carcinomas did not always correlate with the mRNA expression of thyroglobulin, thyroid stimulating hormone receptor, and thyroid transcription factor 1.
This paper reports the results of research to examine the possibility of using the differential expression of two enzymes, dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV/CD26, EC: 3.4.14.5) and thyroid peroxidase (TPO, EC: 1.11.1.7), as histochemical markers histopathologically to diagnose thyroid carcinomas.
With various degrees of expression, all differentiated thyroid carcinomas (20 papillary and 2 follicular) expressed TSH-R, Tg, and TPO, but not CT mRNAs.