Four types of antipsychotic-induced movement disorders: tardive dyskinesia (TD), parkinsonism, akathisia and tardive dystonia, subtypes of TD (orofacial and limb truncal dyskinesia), subtypes of parkinsonism (rest tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia), as well as a principal-factor of the movement disorders and their subtypes, were examined for association with variation in 7 candidate genes (GRIN2B, GRIN2A, HSPG2, DRD3, DRD4, HTR2C, and NQO1).
The primary focus has been on SNPs in dopamine and serotonin receptor genes: persuasive meta-analytic evidence exists for an effect of the dopamine D2 and D3 receptor genes (DRD2 and DRD3) in risk for tardive dyskinesia (TD) and for an effect of variation at the 5-HT2C receptor gene (HTR2C) for liability to APD-induced weight gain.
This study investigated the possible relationship between TD and the polymorphisms Ser9Gly (DRD3), 102T>C (HTR2A), -1438G>A(HTR2A) and Cys23Ser (HTR2C) in African-Caribbean inpatients.
To examine the association of a functional polymorphism in the 5-HT2C receptor gene (HT2CR) with TD and the joint contribution of HT2CR and DRD3 to susceptibility.