Comparative expression pattern analysis revealed the involvement of catabolic enzymes (MMP1, -2, -13, ADAM10), chemokines (IL8, CCL2, CXCL2, CXCL12, CCXL14), and genes associated with cell death (TNFSF10, PMAIPI, AHR) and skeletal development (GPNMB, FRZB) including transcription factors (WIF1, DLX5, TWIST1) and growth factors (IGFBP1, -3, TGFB1) consistent with published data from human OA cartilage.
Except for interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and CXCL2, the mRNA (messenger RNA) expression of all other chemokine (IL-8, CXCL1, CXCL3, CXCL6, CCL3, and CCL3L1), matrix-degrading (matrix metalloproteinase [MMP]-13 and ADAMTS-4), and structural matrix (COL2A1 [collagen, type II, alpha] and ACAN [aggregan]) genes was higher overall in cartilage from hips with femoroacetabular impingement compared with hips with osteoarthritis and normal controls.
While these differences may represent differential behaviour of synovial fibroblasts in in vitro culture, these observations suggest that TFPI2, GRObeta (CXCL2), MnSOD and GCP-2 (CXCL6) may represent new targets for treatments specifically tailored to osteoarthritis.