The consensus on best practice for detection of MRD in MM is that CD38, CD138, and CD45 are analyzed in combination with CD19, CD56, CD27, CD81, and CD117.
In conclusion, MRD monitoring early after transplant allows further rapid identification of t(8;21) patients at high risk of relapse and was more predictive of relapse risk than c-KIT mutations.
To improve MRD assessment by MFC, we here evaluate the combination of human Myeloid Inhibitory C-type Lectin (hMICL, also termed C-type lectin domain family 12, member A, CLEC12A) and CD 123 (also termed interleukin-3 receptor alpha, IL3RA) in combination with CD34 and CD117 (KIT), as an MRD assay in pre-clinical and clinical testing in 69 AML patients.
Modern risk factors include KIT and/or FLT3 gene mutations and minimal residual disease (MRD) levels, but their respective values have never been prospectively assessed.
Monitoring of minimal residual disease in patients with core binding factor acute myeloid leukemia and the impact of C-KIT, FLT3, and JAK2 mutations on clinical outcome.
Our results indicate that quantitative analysis of CD34 and CD117 may be useful to detect minimal residual disease (MRD) and could be tested in a future to monitor therapy in AML.
It has been suggested that CD117 in combination with other antigens may be of great help for the identification of leukemia-associated phenotypes that could be used to monitor MRD in both acute myeloid leukemias and multiple myeloma patients achieving morphological complete remission.