CRT translocation to the cell membrane serves as an "eat me" signal and promotes efferocytosis of apoptotic cells and cancer cell removal with completely opposite outcomes.
Preoperative chemotherapy or CRT should be considered for their potential benefits, including a reduction in cancer volume and improved R0 resection rates.
Creatine transporter is currently the focus of renewed interest with emerging roles in brain neurotransmission and physiology, and the bioenergetics of cancer metastases.
Thirty-seven patients with rectal cancer underwent anorectal manometry and Wexner scoring for faecal incontinence at baseline, after n-CRT (cT2-T3N0 cancer) and at 4 and 12 months after surgery.
Patients treated with IMRT (n=6933) or 3D-CRT (n=16,289) between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2013 in the English National Health Service were identified using cancer registry data, the National Radiotherapy Dataset, and Hospital Episodes Statistics, the administrative database of care episodes in National Health Service hospitals.