A large number of epidemiological studies in ethnically diverse populations show that lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels above 30-50 mg/dL are significantly associated with calcific aortic valve stenosis, although less so in African Americans.
In particular, lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and apolipoproteins (Apo) are associated with AS, but it is unknown whether these associations differ among phenotypes.
Elevated lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) is a highly prevalent (around 20% of people) genetic risk factor for cardiovascular disease and calcific aortic valve stenosis, but no approved specific therapy exists to substantially lower Lp(a) concentrations.
Elevated plasma concentrations of lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) are an independent and causal risk factor for cardiovascular diseases including coronary artery disease, ischemic stroke, and calcific aortic valve stenosis.
Background Apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A-I (apoB/apoA-I) ratio and lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) are associated with aortic valve stenosis (AVS) disease progression.
Lipoprotein(a), LDL cholesterol, and PCSK9 R46L genotype and diagnoses of aortic valve stenosis and myocardial infarction from national registries; lipoprotein(a) was measured from 49,617 individuals.
Human epidemiologic and genetic evidence using the Mendelian randomization approach in large-scale studies now strongly supports that elevated lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is a causal risk factor for cardiovascular disease, that is, for myocardial infarction, atherosclerotic stenosis, and aortic valve stenosis.
External validation confirmed the association of the LPA risk allele with risk of AVS (OR 1.37; 95%CI 1.27-1.47), again with a higher effect size in those without CAD.
Lp(a) [lipoprotein (a)] is composed of apoB (apolipoprotein B) and apo(a) [apolipoprotein (a)] and is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and aortic stenosis.
APOE ε2 is a strong genetic determinant of low lipoprotein(a) concentrations but does not modify the causal association of lipoprotein(a) with myocardial infarction or aortic valve stenosis.
The Prevalence of Lipoprotein(a) Measurement and Degree of Elevation Among 2710 Patients With Calcific Aortic Valve Stenosis in an Academic Echocardiography Laboratory Setting.
Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a proatherogenic lipoprotein associated with coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke, and more recently aortic stenosis and heart failure (HF).