However, some biomarkers including plasma level of lipoprotein(a), F-sodium fluoride, brain natriuretic peptides and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin can be or are very close to be used for the clinical management of patients with aortic valve stenosis.
Elevated levels of lipoprotein(a) were not causally associated with increased low-grade inflammation as measured through CRP despite a causal association with increased risk of aortic valve stenosis and MI.
High lipoprotein(a) levels are observationally and causally, from human genetics, associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease including myocardial infarction and aortic valve stenosis.
The failure of statin trials in pre-existing aortic stenosis may be partially due to an increase in lipoprotein(a) and oxidized phospholipid levels caused by statins.