Brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF), a neurotrophic factor, plays important regulatory roles in depression by its high-affinity tropomysin-related kinase B (TrkB) receptor.
Differential effects of DRN GR deletion in female mice may provide insight into the greater incidence of depression and specific depression symptoms in women.
Clinical and preclinical studies have demonstrated that depression, one of the most common psychiatric illnesses, is associated with reduced levels of neurotrophic factors, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), contributing to neuronal atrophy in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus, and reduced hippocampal adult neurogenesis.
The proposed model is testable and implies that low levels and low variability in serum BDNF are associated with poor response to anti-depressive medications, electroconvulsive therapy, and REM sleep deprivation, in patients with depression.
In addition, NR decreased the number of activated microglia in the hippocampus, and it reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10 and TGF-β) cytokines in the brain of mice with alcohol-induced depression.
Time-group interaction effects were found for several impulsivity scores, SCL-90R Global Severity Index, Paranoid Thoughts, and Depression subscales as well as for NR3C1 expression.
The hippocampus is particularly vulnerable to altered concentrations of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β), with elevated levels implicated in the aetiology of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, and stress-related disorders such as depression.
Poisson regression with robust variance adjusted by gender, tobacco use, self-perceived stress, leisure activity, suicidal ideation, low cortisol levels and NR3C1 DNA methylation was performed and predicted risk factors for depression.
The specific aim of this study was to explore the relationships between biomarkers of neural health: nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), immune health: interleukin 6 (IL-6), c-reactive protein (CRP), and cortisol, as well as the presence of depression, in physically active cannabis users (CU) and non-users (NU).
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with stress-induced immune dysregulation and reduced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in sensitive brain regions associated with depression.
Increasing number of pregnant women at risk of depression are being treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) that bind to serotonin transporters (SERT), which prevents 5-HT binding and cellular internalization, allowing for accumulation of extracellular 5-HT available to bind to 5-HT(2A) receptor (R).
Then, we analyzed the expression of NET correlation with inflammatory cytokines to provide a new direction for detecting the association mechanism between depression and hypertension.
The association between BDNFVal66Met and SI was modeled using logistic regression adjusted for age and sex, and in secondary analyses also for depression.
Additionally, elevated miR-133b and inhibited CTGF could restrain apoptosis of hippocampal neurons, repress inflammatory reaction, and increase the expression of GFAP, BDNF and neurotransmitters in hippocampal tissues of depression rats, resulting in a protective impact on neural injury in depression rats.
Importantly, early life stressors that affect BDNF production are known to predispose individuals towards the later development of depression or anxiety disorders.
Then histone acetyltransferase (HAT), histone deacetylase (HDAC), H3K27ac, NET, TNF-α, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected by western blot in nine female subjects in different depression and hypertension groups, and Chromatin immunoprecipitation-polymerase chain reaction (Chip-PCR) were used to confirm the degree of acetylation affecting on the transcription level of NET gene.
However, very few studies have so far focused on the degree to which rare variants of SLC6A4 are responsible for the depression observed in adolescent and young adult suicide patients.
However, little is known about the relationship between memory performance and depression severity, about the course of memory performance during antidepressant treatment as well as about the relationship between memory performance and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).
There were no longitudinal associations between DGIH/BMI and depression, and adjustment for IL-6 and C-reactive protein did not attenuate associations between IR/BMI and depression; however, the longitudinal analyses may have been underpowered.
The specific aim of this study was to explore the relationships between biomarkers of neural health: nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), immune health: interleukin 6 (IL-6), c-reactive protein (CRP), and cortisol, as well as the presence of depression, in physically active cannabis users (CU) and non-users (NU).
Reduced levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), through its role in neurogenesis and neuroplasticity, may be involved in the evolution and maintenance of depression.