<b>Objectives:</b> This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of zinc (Zn) supplementation on serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and nerve growth factor (NGF) in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR).
<b>Purpose</b>: The plasma kallikrein-kinin system is activated during vascular injury caused by diabetic retinopathy (DR), being involved in hyperpermeability and inflammation.
<i>IGF1</i> rs6218 and rs35767 polymorphisms contribute to the risk of DR. <i>IGF1</i> rs35767 polymorphism may participate in the regulation of serum IGF1 concentration in DR.
<i>Rho GTPase Activating Protein 22</i> (<i>ARHGAP22</i>) is a DR susceptibility gene that interacts with its downstream regulatory protein ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1), to assist in endothelial cell angiogenesis and increasing capillary permeability.
Diabetic retinopathy in Euro-Brazilian type 2 diabetic patients: relationship with polymorphisms in the aldose reductase, the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genes.
Diabetic retinopathy was associated with GG genotype and G allele in TGF-β1 codon 25C/G polymorphism (p = 0.004 and p = 0.018) and the nephropathy was associated the lower frequency of GG genotype in IL-10 -1082G/A polymorphism (p = 0.049).
Diabetic retinopathy was associated with GG genotype and G allele in TGF-β1 codon 25C/G polymorphism (p = 0.004 and p = 0.018) and the nephropathy was associated the lower frequency of GG genotype in IL-10-1082G/A polymorphism (p = 0.049).
Diabetic retinopathy is a major diabetic complication predominantly caused by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced vascular permeability in the retina; however, treatments targeting glycemic control have not been successful.
Diabetic retinopathy is predominantly caused by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced vascular leakage; however, the underlying mechanism is unclear.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is induced by an accumulation of reactive metabolites such as ROS, RNS, and RCS species, which were reported to modulate the activity of cation channels of the TRPC family.
Fibronectin mRNA was elevated in DR compared to normal retinas, possibly due to the overexpression of extradomain A-containing isoform (ED-A+, or cellular fibronectin).
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy but its role in diabetic nephropathy is only speculative so far.