Recently, mutations of the ATRX gene have been found in various subtypes and grades of gliomas and were shown to refine the prognosis of malignant gliomas in combination with IDH and 1p/19q status.
Recent DNA methylation analyses revealed a small group of IDH mutant diffuse gliomas exhibiting decreased DNA hypermethylation resulting in substantial unfavorable prognosis comparable to glioblastoma.
In addition, tumor-bearing animals expressing mutant Idh1 displayed a prolonged survival and also overexpressed Olig2, features consistent with IDH1-mutated human gliomas.
In this study, we investigated the relationship between SWI features and glioma grades, and the expression of key molecular markers isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1), O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), and 1p19q.
The review also focuses on the effect of 2-HG on glioma epigenetics, the cellular signaling involved in IDH1 mutant glioma cells and the therapeutic response seen in mutant IDH1(mIDH1) harboring glioma patients in comparison to the patients with wild-type IDH1.
The IDH1-R132H mutation predicts a better clinical outcome for glioma patients, and the expression of IDH1-R132H correlates with a favorable outcome in patients with brain tumors.
In this study, using bioinformatics algorithms, we examined the chemical relationships between the amino acid sequences of the complementarity-determining region-3 (CDR3) represented by immune receptors associated with lower grade glioma and isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) mutants.
Ninety-two patients diagnosed of low-grade glioma pathologically were recruited in this study, including 65 patients with IDH1-mutated glioma and 27 patients with wide-type IDH1.
Inhibition of mutant IDH shows promise as a treatment approach in hematologic malignancies, with further development ongoing in solid tumors and glioma.
Additionally, 5-aza enhances the therapeutic effect of the DNA damaging agent TMZ in both subcutaneous and orthotopic PDX models of IDH1R132H mutant glioma.
The spontaneous velocity of diametric expansion and IDH1 mutation status are 2 independent prognostic values that should be obtained at the beginning of the management of diffuse low-grade gliomas in adults.
An analysis of 2589 patient samples showed that CLEC5A expression is higher in (1) glioblastoma than in lower-grade glioma and nontumor tissue, (2) in the mesenchymal subtype than in other subtypes, and (3) in IDH1-wild type glioblastoma than in IDH1-mutated glioblastoma.