Every patient was screened for testosterone and 451 were screened for prolactin on the basis of low sexual desire, gynecomastia or testosterone less than 4 ng./ml.
Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationships between CYP19 (rs2414096), ER alpha (rs2234693), ER beta (rs4986938), leptin (rs7799039), and leptin receptor (rs1137101) gene polymorphisms and gynecomastia.
Overexpression of aromatase associated with loss of heterozygosity of the STK11 gene accounts for prepubertal gynecomastia in boys with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.
Significantly increased risk of gynecomastia was found in subjects carrying a CYP19 exon 10 T allele that was previously related to the high aromatase activity.
Significantly increased risk of gynecomastia was found in subjects carrying a CYP19 exon 10 T allele that was previously related to the high aromatase activity.
COX-2 is suggested to upregulate aromatase expression by enhancing the transcription via promoter Pll in idiopathic gynecomastia of the florid type but not of the fibrous type.
The data show that AROM+ mouse model is a novel tool to further analyze the use of P450arom inhibitors in the treatment of the dysfunctions in males associated with misbalanced estrogen to androgen ratio, such as pituitary adenoma, testicular dysfunction, and gynecomastia.
This is the second documentation of gynecomastia that is associated with increased extraglandular aromatase activity, and the first time that the defect was found to be familial with a probable X-linked (or autosomal dominant, sex limited) mode of inheritance.
In addition, AR methylation status was assessed.X chromosome gain was observed in 74.7% of invasive duct carcinoma, in 20.6% of in situ duct carcinoma, and in 14.6% of gynecomastia when associated with cancer, while all cases of tumor-free gynecomastia showed wild X chromosome asset.
A secondary mild androgen resistance is developed by AR dysfunction and patients present endocrine abnormalities including gynecomastia and poor function of testosterone in tissues; however, normally they are fertile.
The purpose of this study was to search for mutations in the AR gene in a fertile man with gynecomastia and to evaluate the influence of the mutation on the AR transactivation ability.
The authors suggest that male patients presenting with gynaecomastia in puberty, and elevated circulating levels of testosterone, estradiol and LH in puberty, but normal FSH, should be suspected of having PAIS and undergo genetic testing for AR mutations.
In the family with AR I737T, sex phenotype varied from severely defective masculinization in the proband to a maternal great uncle whose only manifestation of AIS was severe gynecomastia.
To test this hypothesis we measured estrogen and androgen formation in two brothers with perineoscrotal hypospadias and severe gynecomastia (the Reifenstein phenotype) due to a mutation that impairs androgen receptor function.