Additionally, all subjects completed STOP (Snoring, Tiredness, Observed apnea, and high blood Pressure) questionnaire to assess risk for OSA, Epworth Sleepiness Scale to assess daytime sleepiness, and Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36) instrument to evaluate HRQoL.
Based on the day-of-surgery preoperative assessment and STOP-BANG (Snoring, Tiredness, Observed apnea during sleep, high blood Pressure, Body mass index >35, Age >50 years, thick Neck, Gender male) score, they were classified as D-OSA, S-OSA, or No-OSA.
The NHSAP sleep questions, part of the next Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), were constructed to mimic elements of the STOP sleep apnea questionnaire, and included number of days with sleep disruption and unintentional dozing and a history of snoring and apneas.
Cytoskeletal proteins desmin and dystrophin were morphologically evaluated in the uvula muscle of 22 patients undergoing soft palate surgery due to snoring and sleep apnea and in 10 healthy controls.
A blinded scorer classified the hypopneas based on two groups of signals: Group 1: positive airway pressure flow (PAP flow), chest and abdominal effort, and snoring; or Group 2: smoothed PAP flow (for blinding amplitude but not flattening visible) and effort (CW-EMG-EF).
A blinded scorer classified the hypopneas based on two groups of signals: Group 1: positive airway pressure flow (PAP flow), chest and abdominal effort, and snoring; or Group 2: smoothed PAP flow (for blinding amplitude but not flattening visible) and effort (CW-EMG-EF).
A blinded scorer classified the hypopneas based on two groups of signals: Group 1: positive airway pressure flow (PAP flow), chest and abdominal effort, and snoring; or Group 2: smoothed PAP flow (for blinding amplitude but not flattening visible) and effort (CW-EMG-EF).
A blinded scorer classified the hypopneas based on two groups of signals: Group 1: positive airway pressure flow (PAP flow), chest and abdominal effort, and snoring; or Group 2: smoothed PAP flow (for blinding amplitude but not flattening visible) and effort (CW-EMG-EF).
A blinded scorer classified the hypopneas based on two groups of signals: Group 1: positive airway pressure flow (PAP flow), chest and abdominal effort, and snoring; or Group 2: smoothed PAP flow (for blinding amplitude but not flattening visible) and effort (CW-EMG-EF).
A blinded scorer classified the hypopneas based on two groups of signals: Group 1: positive airway pressure flow (PAP flow), chest and abdominal effort, and snoring; or Group 2: smoothed PAP flow (for blinding amplitude but not flattening visible) and effort (CW-EMG-EF).
A blinded scorer classified the hypopneas based on two groups of signals: Group 1: positive airway pressure flow (PAP flow), chest and abdominal effort, and snoring; or Group 2: smoothed PAP flow (for blinding amplitude but not flattening visible) and effort (CW-EMG-EF).
Fibrinogen and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration, apnea index (ApnI), hypopnea index (HypI), apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), average and minimal SpO<sub>2</sub>, duration of snoring, age, and body mass index (BMI) were compared between sexes.
A blinded scorer classified the hypopneas based on two groups of signals: Group 1: positive airway pressure flow (PAP flow), chest and abdominal effort, and snoring; or Group 2: smoothed PAP flow (for blinding amplitude but not flattening visible) and effort (CW-EMG-EF).
A blinded scorer classified the hypopneas based on two groups of signals: Group 1: positive airway pressure flow (PAP flow), chest and abdominal effort, and snoring; or Group 2: smoothed PAP flow (for blinding amplitude but not flattening visible) and effort (CW-EMG-EF).
The association between sleep duration, snoring and prevalent type 2 diabetes mellitus with regard to gender and menopausal status: the CKB study in Zhejiang rural area, China.
In the unadjusted model, individuals carrying the APOE-ϵ4 allele showed lower levels of snoring (β=-0.02, SE=0.01, p=0.010) and sleep apnea (β=-0.01, SE=0.01, p=0.037) when compared to non-ϵ4 carriers.
Age at time of study, genotype, use and dose of GH, sleepiness scale, normalized body-mass index (BMI(Z)), total sleep time, latency to stage I and REM sleep, sleep stage percentages, apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), central apnea (CA) frequency, oxygen saturation nadir, maximum carbon dioxide tension, periodic limb movement index, presence of snoring, normality of EEG, and, in several patients, mean sleep latency testing were determined.
Age at time of study, genotype, use and dose of GH, sleepiness scale, normalized body-mass index (BMI(Z)), total sleep time, latency to stage I and REM sleep, sleep stage percentages, apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), central apnea (CA) frequency, oxygen saturation nadir, maximum carbon dioxide tension, periodic limb movement index, presence of snoring, normality of EEG, and, in several patients, mean sleep latency testing were determined.