Of the oral mucosal toxicities observed with targeted therapies, oral mucositis is the most frequent with mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, followed by stomatitis associated to multikinase angiogenesis and HER inhibitors, geographic tongue, oral hyperkeratotic lesions, lichenoid reactions, and hyperpigmentation.
Two rare DPYD variants were associated with increased toxicity (Asp949Val with neutropenia, nausea and vomiting, diarrhoea and infection; IVS14+1G>A with lethargy, diarrhoea, stomatitis, hand-foot syndrome and infection; all ORs > 3).
The patients' age, sex, body mass index, primary site, diabetes, serum albumin, creatinine, hemoglobin, leukocyte and lymphocyte, concurrent cisplatin or cetuximab, method of radiation, total radiation dose, feeding route, use of spacers, pilocarpine hydrochloride, and corticosteroid ointment were examined, and the associations of each variable with oral mucositis and candidiasis were analyzed by multivariate Cox regression analysis.
Low baseline blood albumin levels in the OM-affected individuals were identified, revealing the effect of systemic deterioration as a predisposing factor for OM development.No adverse effects were observed.
Patients who are scheduled to receive conditioning regimens containing TBI, have a pretransplant body mass index >or= 25, or carry the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677 TT genotype should be considered at greater risk of developing oral mucositis following HCT.
Association of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in STAT3, ABCB1, and ABCG2 with Stomatitis in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated with Sunitinib: A Retrospective Analysis in Japanese Patients.
A gene-gene interaction between MTRR (rs1801394) and MTHFR (rs1801133) was detected by GMDR and proved to have an independent effect on the risk of stomatitis, as shown by LR analysis.
It was lower DPD activity that responsible for the relatively higher incidence of bone marrow hypocellular, diarrhea, and oral mucositis in the C<sub>SN-38 1.5 h</sub> > 50.24 ng/ml and C<sub>SN-38 49 h</sub> > 15.25 ng/ml subsets.
Oral mucositis were detected in 78.7% (n=37) of the patients and significantly related to the MDR-1 CT genotype (p=0.042), as confirmed by logistic regression analysis.
Type of treatment protocol, baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate, and melphalan dose along with baseline serum albumin and female gender predicted 43.6 % of grades 2-4 OM cases.
Early inflammation, as indicated by the expression of the inflammatory markers TNFα, NF-κB, and IL-1β, is an essential component of early radiogenic oral mucositis.
We determined the role of three previously described variants within the TYMS gene and MTX-induced oral mucositis in a prospective cohort of Dutch children with ALL and performed a meta-analysis of the previous results.
To assess changes in the salivary expression of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, and TNF in acute leukemia (AL) patients before and during chemotherapy, and its association with HSV infection, oral candidiasis (OC), and oral mucositis (OM) onset.
Topical Recombinant Human Epidermal Growth Factor for Oral Mucositis Induced by Intensive Chemotherapy with Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Final Analysis of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 2 Trial.
The highest class-specific risks were neutropenia grade 3-4 for CDK4/6 inhibitors (OR 40.77; 95% CI 19.52-85.19), stomatitis grade 3-4 for mTOR inhibitors (OR 11.92; 95% CI 3.68-38.57), hyperglycemia grade 3-4 for PI3K inhibitors (OR 40.93; 95% CI 10.08-166.22) and diarrhea for anti-HER2 agents (OR 9.93; 95% CI 4.71-20.95).
Moreover, the mean ± SD duration of OM was also significantly shorter among the EPO mouthwash recipients (1.92 ± 3.42 days vs 5.42 ± 3.86 days, P < 0.001).
MTX AUC0-48h was a significant predictor of overall toxic adverse events during MTX courses (R(2) = 0.043; P < .001), whereas the thymidylate synthasers34743033 tandem repeat polymorphism was predictive of stomatitis (R(2) = 0.018; P = .009), a frequent side effect of high-dose MTX.