The results of immunohistochemistry are in accordance with the results obtained from the RT-PCR, which further demonstrated a mild difference concerning the mRNA concentration of ADAM 12 between similar grades of eight astrocytomas and eight oligodendrogliomas (namely four astrocytomas grade II versus four oligodendrogliomas grade II and four astrocytomas grade III versus four oligodendrogliomas grade III).
In this work, we have examined the expression level and the methylation status of the 5' upstream region of the adhesion molecule ADAM23 in two brain tumor cell lines (A172 and T98G) as well as in three primary brain tumors (one grade II astrocytoma and two meningiomas) and 15 glioblastoma xenografts.
Expression of estrogen receptors, androgen receptor and steroid receptor coactivator-3 is negatively correlated to the differentiation of astrocytic tumors.
Based on analyses of human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cell lines, normal astrocytes and clinical specimens from grade II astrocytomas (n=41) and grade IV GBM (n=60), we conclude that the DDR machinery is constitutively activated in gliomas, as documented by phosphorylated histone H2AX (gammaH2AX), activation of the ATM-Chk2-p53 pathway, 53BP1 foci and other markers.
Here, we examined ATP2A2 expression in 109 human diffuse astrocytic tumor samples (39 grade II diffuse astrocytoma (DA), 19 grade III anaplastic astrocytoma (AA), 51 grade IV glioblastoma) and its correlation with patient clinicopathologic characteristics.
Furthermore, we observed that most recurrences had a consistent IDH1 and ATRX status with their matched primary tumors and demonstrated the progressive pattern of grade II astrocytoma/oligodendroglial tumors and anaplastic oligoastrocytoma with or without IDH1-R132H.
IHC indicated that the expression of bcl-2 was inversely correlated to the grade of the tumors (i.e more cells were bcl-2 positive in LGA than in GBM) while the expression of bax was unaffected by the grade of the tumor.
In this study we investigated Bcl-6 translocation and its transcriptional and translational levels in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded cerebral tissue sections from glioblastoma (GBM), low-grade glioma (Astrocytoma grade II and III), and meningioma patients, and correlated them with apoptotic processes and p53 and caspase-3 expression.
Further fusions and activating mutations in BRAF were identified in 28% of grade II astrocytomas, highlighting the importance of the ERK/MAP kinase pathway in the development of paediatric low-grade gliomas.
These analyses confirmed that the transcript levels of nine of the selected genes (COL4A2, FOXM1, MGP, TOP2A, CENPF, IGFBP4, VEGFA, ADD3, and CAMK2G) differed significantly in WHO grade II astrocytomas as compared to anaplastic astrocytomas and/or glioblastomas.
In conclusion, the present study indicates that caveolin-1 is not useful as diagnostic marker to differentiate grade II astrocytomas from oligodendrogliomas.
The analysis of multiple biopsies from the same patients revealed hypermethylation of p14ARF (5/15 cases) and p16INK4a (1/15 cases) already at the stage of low-grade diffuse astrocytoma but consistent absence of homozygous deletions.
Based on analyses of human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cell lines, normal astrocytes and clinical specimens from grade II astrocytomas (n=41) and grade IV GBM (n=60), we conclude that the DDR machinery is constitutively activated in gliomas, as documented by phosphorylated histone H2AX (gammaH2AX), activation of the ATM-Chk2-p53 pathway, 53BP1 foci and other markers.
The aim of this study was to analyze the methylation status of four critical tumor-associated genes (MGMT, RARbeta, RASSF1A, CDH13), and investigate possible links with inflammatory (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-8) and angiogenic mediators (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], cyclooxygenase [COX]-2) and clinical outcome in 23 glioma samples (6 grade II astrocytomas, 17 grade IV glioblastomas).
These data indicate that selective loss of the 10q25.3 region, including the DMBT1 gene, is not an initiating event in the genesis of astrocytoma grade II.