Guidelines recommend protein phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) immunohistochemistry for differentiating between benign endometrial hyperplasia (BEH) and atypical endometrial hyperplasia/endometrioid intraepithelial neoplasia (AEH/EIN).
We assessed PTEN status (normal versus null) in index biopsies containing EH to estimate the relative risk (RR) of developing endometrial carcinoma up to 25 years later.
PTEN and K-ras mutations and MIN are considered early events, occurring in a subset of atypical endometrial hyperplasia, whereas p53 mutation is considered a late event, during progression of about 10-20% of endometrioid carcinomas.
Hormonally active doses of isoflavone aglycones promote mammary and endometrial carcinogenesis and alter the molecular tumor environment in Donryu rats.
Hormonally active doses of isoflavone aglycones promote mammary and endometrial carcinogenesis and alter the molecular tumor environment in Donryu rats.
Hormonally active doses of isoflavone aglycones promote mammary and endometrial carcinogenesis and alter the molecular tumor environment in Donryu rats.
In atypical endometrial hyperplasia, the frequencies of aberrant methylation were 14.3% (2/14) in hMLH1 and 7.3% (1/14) in APC, whereas normal endometrial cells showed no aberrant hypermethylation of any of the five genes.
We analyzed hMLH1 and hMSH2 expression by immunohistochemistry in a group of atypical endometrial hyperplasias (n = 10), endometrioid endometrial carcinomas (n = 58), and nonendometrioid endometrial carcinomas (n = 27) on tissue microarray.
Immunohistochemistry studies showed that these MSI-H unmethylated foci of atypical endometrial hyperplasiafailed to express MLH1, as did regions of simple hyperplasia.
Abnormal methylation of hMLH1 was also present in 8 of 116 (7%) cases of EH and was restricted primarily to the atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) type with coexisting endometrial carcinoma.
It has also been suggested that ARID1A mutation occurs at the early stage of canceration from endometriosis to endometriosis‑associated carcinoma in ovarian cancer and also from atypical endometrial hyperplasia to endometrioid adenocarcinoma in endometrial cancer.
The loss of BAF250a expression was found in 25% of endometrial carcinoma samples but not in normal endometrial tissues, complex endometrial hyperplasia, and atypical endometrial hyperplasia samples.
Immunohistochemical study on 15 normal endometrium, 14 simple and complex hyperplasia without atypia, 37 atypical complex hyperplasia and 80 endometrial cancers showed significant Gli1 overexpression and beta-catenin nuclear immunoreactivity in endometrial cancers and atypical endometrial hyperplasia when compared with normal endometrium (P<0.05).
Cyclin E and p53 expression was studied by immunohistochemistry in eight atypical endometrial hyperplasias (AEHs), 51 endometrioid endometrial carcinomas (EECs), and 22 non-endometrioid endometrial carcinomas (NEECs).
Mutations in exon 3 of the beta-catenin gene, associated with beta-catenin nuclear expression, were detected in 3 (14.0%) AEH, a frequency similar to that previously reported in this series of ECs.
K-ras gene mutations were present in 3 of 13 (23%) monoclonal endometrial hyperplasias with atypia but not in 2 cases of polyclonal endometrial hyperplasia with atypia or in 26 cases of endometrial hyperplasia without atypia.
The status of the p53 gene was studied by immunohistochemistry of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsy samples from 72 patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia or endometrioid carcinoma who underwent hysterectomy immediately after biopsy and from 5 patients with benign endometria.
Our findings show a potential diagnostic role of this microRNAs signature for the accurate diagnosis of Endometrial hyperplasia with atypia/Endometrial Intraepithelial Neoplasia and improve the understanding of their pivotal role in SMAD4 regulation.
The aim of this work was to evaluate E-cadherin and CD10 expression in normal endometrium, atypical endometrial hyperplasia, and endometrial carcinoma, and assess their role to differentiate atypical endometrial hyperplasia from endometrial carcinoma.
Paraffin blocks of 131 specimens with the diagnoses of normal endometrium (n=25), endometrial hyperplasia with atypia (n=21) or without atypia (n=55), and endometrial cancer (n=30) were immunostained with laminin receptor 1 antibody, and its expression percentage, pattern, and intensity in the epithelial cytoplasm, basement membrane, and endometrial stroma of these tissues were assessed.