This appears to be the first reported genetic association with the insulin-resistance syndrome and may reflect genotype specific differences in the regulation of lipoprotein lipase by insulin.
We related ACE genotype to components of the insulin-resistance syndrome in 103 non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) and 533 nondiabetic white subjects.
A possible pathogenic mutation in the beta 3-adrenergic-receptor gene (Trp64Arg) has been reported to be associated with an earlier age of onset of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and clinical features of the insulin resistance syndrome in Pima Indian, Finnish and French subjects.
The apoB-100 gene EcoRI polymorphism influences the relationship between features of the insulin resistance syndrome and the hyper-apoB and dense LDL phenotype in men.
We recently identified a mutation in the human beta 3-adrenergic receptor (beta 3AR) gene (codon 64 TGGTrp -> CGGArg; TRP64ARG) that associates with features of the insulin resistance syndrome and an earlier onset of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM).
We conclude that the beta 3-adrenergic receptor locus does not play an important role in NIDDM susceptibility or in the insulin resistance syndrome among members of families with a strong predisposition to NIDDM.
Promoter (4G/5G) plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 genotype in Pima Indians: relationship to plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels and features of the insulin resistance syndrome.
We conclude that in obese women the beta 3-AR polymorphism may be used as a genetic marker for visceral fat obesity and the insulin resistance syndrome.
In addition, since recent studies suggest the contribution of beta3 adrenergic receptor to the insulin resistance syndrome, the gene encoding beta3 adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) was also studied.
The Trp64Arg polymorphism of the beta 3-adrenergic receptor gene is unlikely to be a major genetic predisposer to NIDDM or insulin resistance syndrome in subjects from eastern Finland.
Angiotensin-1-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism, plasma ACE levels, and their association with the metabolic syndrome and electrocardiographic coronary artery disease in Pima Indians.
In a random sample of 600 participants in the Rotterdam study, aged 55-75 years at baseline (309 men, 291 women) the relationships were studied between the presence of Trp64 Arg mutation in the beta 3-adrenergic receptor gene and fasting leptin, glucose and insulin (fasting and after an oral glucose load), and other components of the insulin resistance syndrome.
The Trp64Argbeta3AR variant is associated in some, but not all, studies with an earlier onset of Type 2 diabetes mellitus and features of the insulin resistance syndrome.