This study for the first time assayed the prognostic value and changes in the expression of SIRT3, LSP1, HRAS, SCUBE2 and AP2A2 genes in women with breast cancer in the Iranian population and findings confirmed potential biomarker and prognostic capability of these genes.
We have investigated the nature of the MspI site polymorphism at the c-Ha-ras VNTR observed in variety of tumors including breast cancer.We find that the MspI site 5' to the VNTR is present in a Non-B DNA structure with single-strand character that renders it accessible to bisulfite modification under native conditions, while the MspI site 3' to the VNTR appears to reside in a normal B-form structure that is inaccessible to bisulfite.
Elevated p21ras expression is associated with tumor aggressiveness in breast cancer including the extent of invasion into fat tissues, infiltration into lymphatic vessels and tumor recurrence.
Our data demonstrate a direct (i) interaction of c-Ha-ras sequence with estrogen receptor and (ii) stimulatory effect of estrogen on c-Ha-ras gene transcription and suggest that alteration in transcriptional regulation of c-Ha-ras gene by estrogen may play an important role in progression of breast cancer.
We analyzed 66 independent cases from sib pairs affected with breast cancer that had previously been collected during an investigation of pathogenetic-allele-sharing at the HRAS1 mini-satellite locus.
There was no support for an association between rare HRAS1 alleles and the risk of early-onset breast cancer, despite 80% power to detect effects of the magnitude of those associations (1.7-fold) previously suggested.
There may be more common mutations in other genes (such as ATM, HRAS1) that confer a moderate risk of breast cancer, and may account for 5 to 15 per cent of cases.
Genetic alterations have been described in breast carcinomas under the headings of loss of heterozygosity (1p, 3p, 7q, 11p, 17p, 17 and 18q), mutations (p53, c-H-ras-1), and/or gene amplifications (c-myc, int-2/FGF3, and c-erbB-2/neu).
Approximately one fifth of the breast cancer patients in this analysis (disease-free and recurrent) expressed only a single oncogene marker (c-fos, c-myc, Ha-ras, or p53); one quarter of patients with recurrent disease expressed only one oncogene protein.
Several epidemiologic studies suggest that individuals carrying rare alleles at a minisatellite flanking the HRAS locus are at increased risk of cancer, including breast cancer.
The results obtained with atypical hyperplasia, a doubtful proliferating lesion, suggests that p21 c-Ha-ras protein expression is not restricted to breast carcinomas.