Trastuzumab in combination with paclitaxel enhances antitumor activity by promoting apoptosis in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive trastuzumab-resistant gastric cancer xenograft models.
Notably, the addition of trastuzumab to first-line chemotherapy has improved the overall survival of patients with HER2-positive gastric cancer, and has become the standard-of-care treatment for this group of patients.
Gastric cancer (GC) has also been slow to benefit from biomarker discovery and development and the successful utilisation of targeted therapies, with the exception of trastuzumab in HER2 positive cancers.
HER2-ECD (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 - extracellular domain) is a prominent therapeutic target validated for treating HER2-positive breast and gastric cancer, but HER2-specific therapeutic options for treating advanced gastric cancer remain limited.
These findings provide the basis for investigating the regulation of MAPK signaling pathways by HER2 and potential therapeutic targets for inhibiting metastasis and invasion in GC.
Analysis of the genomic signature is not always feasible, and thus, we aimed to (i) develop and validate a practical immunohistochemistry (IHC)- and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based molecular classification of GC and (ii) to assess HER2 status according to this classification.
Bioinformatics analyses conducted on a Caucasian-based cDNA microarray databank showed Ar to be positively associated with GCa prognosis for multiple clinical modalities, including surgery, 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) for adjuvant chemotherapy, or HER2 positivity.
After phase III clinical trials, trastuzumab, anti-Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (commonly known as ERBB2) and ramucirumab, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (commonly known as VEGFR2) monoclonal antibodies, were approved and introduced into first- and second-line therapies for patients with advanced/metastatic GC.
PD-L1 membrane expression on tumour cells (TC) and infiltrating immune cells (IC), CD3 + T-lymphocytes, CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells, ATM and HER2 were assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in the ACRG (Asian Cancer Research Group) GC cohort (N = 380).
Therefore, d16HER2 may be considered as a "flag" of HER2 dependence in GC and can be clinically investigated as a marker of trastuzumab susceptibility in several other HER2-driven cancers, including CRC.
Upregulation of circular RNA circ-ERBB2 predicts unfavorable prognosis and facilitates the progression of gastric cancer via miR-503/CACUL1 and miR-637/MMP-19 signaling.
Patients with HER2-positive GC previously treated with one line of chemotherapy received oral poziotinib (8 mg or 12 mg) once daily for 14 days, followed by 7 days off.
The rate of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 upregulation in patients with GC was 13.33% and it was associated with nerve invasion (χ<sup>2</sup>=4.005, P=0.045) and TNM stages III/IV (χ<sup>2</sup>=5.600, P=0.018).