In addition to cytokeratin, synaptophysin and glial fibrillary acidic protein expression, PTPR were examined for the presence of dot- or ring-like epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) immunoreactivity typically encountered in ependymoma, staining for inwardly rectifying potassium channel Kir7.1 and stanniocalcin-1 (specifically expressed in choroid plexus tumours) as well as microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2).
In addition to cytokeratin, synaptophysin and glial fibrillary acidic protein expression, PTPR were examined for the presence of dot- or ring-like epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) immunoreactivity typically encountered in ependymoma, staining for inwardly rectifying potassium channel Kir7.1 and stanniocalcin-1 (specifically expressed in choroid plexus tumours) as well as microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2).
In addition to cytokeratin, synaptophysin and glial fibrillary acidic protein expression, PTPR were examined for the presence of dot- or ring-like epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) immunoreactivity typically encountered in ependymoma, staining for inwardly rectifying potassium channel Kir7.1 and stanniocalcin-1 (specifically expressed in choroid plexus tumours) as well as microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2).
In addition to cytokeratin, synaptophysin and glial fibrillary acidic protein expression, PTPR were examined for the presence of dot- or ring-like epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) immunoreactivity typically encountered in ependymoma, staining for inwardly rectifying potassium channel Kir7.1 and stanniocalcin-1 (specifically expressed in choroid plexus tumours) as well as microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2).
In summary, although inherited APC mutations may be associated with ependymoma development in certain TS2 cases, these data indicate that somatic mutations affecting APC and CTNNB1 do not play a major role in the pathogenesis of sporadic ependymomas.
Methylation of p16 (INK4A), p14 (ARF), TIMP3, CDH1, p15 (INK4B )and DAPK1 in medulloblastoma (MB) and ependymoma has been discussed controversially in the literature.
Methylation of p16 (INK4A), p14 (ARF), TIMP3, CDH1, p15 (INK4B )and DAPK1 in medulloblastoma (MB) and ependymoma has been discussed controversially in the literature.
Methylation of p16 (INK4A), p14 (ARF), TIMP3, CDH1, p15 (INK4B )and DAPK1 in medulloblastoma (MB) and ependymoma has been discussed controversially in the literature.
Calcyphosine immunoreactivity was observed in 59% of the ependymomas and was most profound in ependymoma tissue showing epithelial differentiation. mRNA expression levels of stathmin, annexin A1, and calcyphosine significantly correlated (Rs = 0.65 [p < 0.0001], Rs = 0.50 [p = 0.001], and Rs = 0.72 [p < 0.0001], respectively) with protein expression levels.
Calcyphosine immunoreactivity was observed in 59% of the ependymomas and was most profound in ependymoma tissue showing epithelial differentiation. mRNA expression levels of stathmin, annexin A1, and calcyphosine significantly correlated (Rs = 0.65 [p < 0.0001], Rs = 0.50 [p = 0.001], and Rs = 0.72 [p < 0.0001], respectively) with protein expression levels.
LGA mRNA expression was relatively very low in cultured astrocytes, and very low to absent in astrocytoma pilocyticum, ependymoma and subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA), tumors of astrocytic origin.
We evaluated the tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib for its antitumor activity and potential to radio-sensitize in vivo in two xenograft models: an EGFR amplified glioma and an EGFR expressing ependymoma, both derived from primary tumors.
Both SOX4 and SOX11 were significantly overexpressed in medulloblastoma (median, 11-fold and 5-fold, respectively) compared with ependymoma and normal cerebellum.
Both SOX4 and SOX11 were significantly overexpressed in medulloblastoma (median, 11-fold and 5-fold, respectively) compared with ependymoma and normal cerebellum.
Loss of one or more of the genes on 22 was detected in 81% of cases, with RAC2 and C22ORF2 at 22q12-q13.1 being deleted most frequently in 38% and 32% of ependymoma samples, respectively.
Combined analysis of quantitative-PCR with methylation-specific PCR and bisulphite sequencing revealed a high rate (>60% ependymoma) of transcriptional inactivation of C22ORF2, indicating its potential importance in the development of pediatric ependymomas.
In conclusion, this study provides evidence that S100A6 and S100A4 are differentially expressed in clinically relevant subgroups, and also demonstrates a link between CHI3L1 protein expression and necrosis in intracranial paediatric ependymoma.
In conclusion, this study provides evidence that S100A6 and S100A4 are differentially expressed in clinically relevant subgroups, and also demonstrates a link between CHI3L1 protein expression and necrosis in intracranial paediatric ependymoma.
In conclusion, this study provides evidence that S100A6 and S100A4 are differentially expressed in clinically relevant subgroups, and also demonstrates a link between CHI3L1 protein expression and necrosis in intracranial paediatric ependymoma.