Bcl-2 is a negative prognostic indicator in prostate cancer, implicated in the development of androgen independence and treatment resistance, and is overexpressed in hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC).
The alteration of UGT2B15 expression in LNCaP-SF cells is proposed as a biological characteristic involved in the growth of hormone-refractory prostate cancer.
Taken together, these findings not only demonstrate the important roles of the ARA55 coregulator in the AR-mediated growth of prostate cancer, they also may provide a critical target for developing therapeutic agents for the antiandrogen therapy that almost always fails in the treatment of hormone-refractory prostate cancer.
Although IGFBP-2 is one of the most commonly overexpressed genes in hormone refractory prostate cancer, the functional significance of changes in IGF-I signaling during AI progression remains poorly defined.
On the other hand, higher ARA55 expression was associated with shorter recurrence-free survival (P = 0.02) and overall survival (P = 0.01) in HRPC patients.
Hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) encompasses a wide spectrum of patients, including patients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA)--only disease, those with increasing PSA levels yet stable metastatic disease, and those with increasing PSA levels and objective evidence of progressive metastases.
NY-ESO-1 is expressed in a subset of HRPC patients and, together with other C/T antigens, may serve as a target antigen for development of immunotherapy of PC.
NY-ESO-1 is expressed in a subset of HRPC patients and, together with other C/T antigens, may serve as a target antigen for development of immunotherapy of PC.
Both HER2/Neu inhibitor TAK165 and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib ('Iressa', ZD1839) successfully reduced the HER2/Neu-induced transactivation activity of the AR in PC-3 and DU-145 cells, suggesting that these inhibitors are possible therapeutic drugs for patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer.
Both HER2/Neu inhibitor TAK165 and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib ('Iressa', ZD1839) successfully reduced the HER2/Neu-induced transactivation activity of the AR in PC-3 and DU-145 cells, suggesting that these inhibitors are possible therapeutic drugs for patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer.
Both HER2/Neu inhibitor TAK165 and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib ('Iressa', ZD1839) successfully reduced the HER2/Neu-induced transactivation activity of the AR in PC-3 and DU-145 cells, suggesting that these inhibitors are possible therapeutic drugs for patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer.
A Phase I pharmacokinetic and biological correlative study of oblimersen sodium (genasense, g3139), an antisense oligonucleotide to the bcl-2 mRNA, and of docetaxel in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer.
This further suggests that epithelial cell resident, homeostasis-promoting FGFR2 may be involved in suppression of malignancy and that restoration may be a candidate for gene therapy of hormone-refractory prostate cancer.
Thus, inhibition of PI3K activity with concomitant administration of chemotoxic compounds may prove beneficial in preventing the development of drug resistance in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer.